[WIP] Upgrade to go 1.22.2, g/g 1.92.2, and refresh indirect dependencies in go.mod

[shreyas-s-rao]

How to categorize this PR?

/area quality dev-productivity
/kind impediment enhancement

What this PR does / why we need it:
Upgrades to go v1.22.2, and updates g/g dependency to v1.92.2 (latest version atm), and fix linter errors.

Additionally, indirect dependency k8s.io/autoscaler was at an old version, and was not compatible with gardener/gardener dependencies, causing improper imports when checking out both etcd-druid and gardener repos on the same machine. This has now been fixed, by refreshing all indirect dependencies, which caused k8s.io/autoscaler to be updated to k8s.io/autoscaler/vertical-pod-autoscaler v1.0.0.

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:
Fixes #778 #788

Special notes for your reviewer:
/hold
To be rebased after #777 is merged.
Ignore all commits expect the last 2, since this PR is based on #777 branch, not master (for ease of rebasing in the future).

Release note:

Upgrade go to v1.22.2.

[gardener-prow]

Skipping CI for Draft Pull Request.
If you want CI signal for your change, please convert it to an actual PR.
You can still manually trigger a test run with /test all

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[renormalize]

Note: we could probably just run a regex to find all instances of where a new variable is declared inside the loop to deal with the for loop variable scoping pre go1.22.x.

Regex for word := word.

[renormalize]

@shreyas-s-rao go1.22.3 got released on 2024-05-07. If it's not too much effort for you, maybe the patch version could be changed from 2 to 3 in this PR to make use of security and bug fixes in the compiler, runtime and net/http.

[shreyas-s-rao]

@renormalize thanks for the information. I'll make both the changes you've suggested once #777 gets merged, because I anyway need to do some rebasing at that point of time, so I'll touch the code then.

[renormalize]

Yeah sure, I was just informing you in advance. Thanks!

[renormalize]

go1.22.4 has now been released. Once the refactor is merged, we could use go1.22.4 directly in this PR.

[ishan16696]

Closing this PR in favour of PR: #834
/close