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Theory Spec – Phonetics
Sammi De Guzman edited this page Sep 23, 2023
·
1 revision
| IPA | Chord | |
|---|---|---|
| /m/ | m | PH |
| /n/ | n | TPH |
| /p/ | p | P |
| /pl/ | pl | PHR |
| /pr/ | pr | PR |
| /b/ | b | PW |
| /bl/ | bl | PWHR |
| /br/ | br | PWR |
| /t/ | t | T |
| th | TH |
|
| /tr/ | tr | TR |
| /tw/ | tw | TW |
| /d/ | d | TK |
| /k/ | k | K |
| ch |
K, KH
|
|
| /kl/ | kl | KHR |
| /kr/ | kr | KR |
| /ks/ | xc | KP |
| /kw/ | qu | KW |
| /g/ | g | TKPW |
| /gl/ | gl | TKPWHR |
| /gr/ | gr | TKPWR |
| /gz/ | x | KP |
| /f/ | f | TP |
| /fl/ | fl | TPHR |
| /fr/ | fr | TPR |
| /v/ | v | SR |
| /θ/ | th | TH |
| /θr/ | thr | THR |
| /θw/ | thw | TWH |
| /ð/ | th | TH |
| /s/ | s | S |
| sc |
S, SK
|
|
| c |
S, KR
|
|
| sw | SW |
|
| /sm/ | sm | SPH |
| /sn/ | sn | STPH |
| /sp/ | sp | SP |
| /spl/ | spl | SPHR |
| /spr/ | spr | SPR |
| /st/ | st | ST |
| /str/ | str | STR |
| /sk/ | sk | SK |
| /skl/ | scl | SKHR |
| /skr/ | scr | SKR |
| /skw/ | squ | SKW |
| /sl/ | sl | SHR |
| /sw/ | sw | SW |
| /z/ | z |
S*, STKPW*
|
| /ʃ/ | sh | SH |
| sch |
SH, SKH
|
|
| /ʃr/ | shr | SHR |
| /ʃw/ | schw | SKWH |
| /ʒ/ | g | SKWR |
| /h/ | h | H |
| wh | WH |
|
| /r/ | r | R |
| wr | WR |
|
| /l/ | l | HR |
| /j/ | y | KWR |
| /w/ | w | W |
| wh | WH |
|
| /tʃ/ | ch | KH |
| /dʒ/ | j | SKWR |
Plover theory's vowels are based on the system of 'long' and 'short' vowels used when teaching English in the classroom. This will largely only be familiar to native speakers of American English dialects, so approximate corresponding lexical sets as defined by Wells (1982) are also included here.
| Vowel | Lexical sets | Chord |
|---|---|---|
| short A | TRAP, BATH, PALM, START | A |
| short E | DRESS | E |
| short I | KIT, happY | EU |
| short O | LOT, CLOTH, NORTH, FORCE | O |
| short U | STRUT, FOOT | U |
| long A | FACE, SQUARE | AEU |
| long E | FLEECE, NEAR | AOE |
| long I | PRICE | AOEU |
| long O | GOAT | OE |
| long U | CURE, GOOSE | AOU |
| OO | FOOT, GOOSE | AO |
| AW | PALM, THOUGHT | AU |
| OW | MOUTH | OU |
| OY | CHOICE | OEU |
| commA | short vowel (spelling) |
|
| NURSE, lettER | short vowel + R (spelling) |
Lexical sets that appear in the list multiple times, such as PALM and FOOT,
have different chords based on spelling, for example look using AO and
put using U. Other exceptions may also exist to account for spelling when
resolving homophone conflicts.
| IPA | Chord | |
|---|---|---|
| /m/ | m | -PL |
| /mp/ | mp |
-FRP, *PL
|
| /mb/ | mb |
-FRB, *PL
|
| /n/ | n | -PB |
| /nt/ | nt | -PBT |
| /nd/ | nd | -PBD |
| /ns/ | nce | -PBS |
| /nz/ | nz | -PBZ |
| /ntʃ/ | nch | -FRPB |
| /ndʒ/ | nge | -PBG |
| /ŋ/ | ng | -PBG |
| /ŋg/ | ng | -PBG |
| /ŋk/ | nk | *PBG |
| /ŋθ/ | ngth |
*PBGT, -PBG
|
| /p/ | p | -P |
| /pt/ | pt | -PT |
| /b/ | b | -B |
| /t/ | t | -T |
| /d/ | d | -D |
| /k/ | k | -BG |
| /kʃən/ | kshun | -BGS |
| /g/ | g | -G |
| /f/ | f | -F |
| /ft/ | ft | -FT |
| /v/ | v | *F |
| /θ/ | th | *T |
| /ð/ | the | *T |
| /s/ | s | -S |
| /sp/ | sp | -FP |
| /st/ | st |
-FT, *S
|
| /sk/ | sk | -FBG |
| /z/ | z | -Z |
| /zəm/ | sm | -FPL |
| /ʃ/ | sh | -RB |
| /ʃən/ | shun | -GS |
| /ʃəl/ | shul | -RBL |
| /ʒ/ | zh | -PBLG |
| /r/ | r | -R |
| /rm/ | rm | -RPL |
| /rn/ | rn | -RPB |
| /rp/ | rm | -RP |
| /rb/ | rb | -RB |
| /rt/ | rt | -RT |
| /rd/ | rd | -RD |
| /rk/ | rk | -RBG |
| /rg/ | rg | -RG |
| /rf/ | rf |
-FR, *FR
|
| /rv/ | rv |
-FRB, -R/*F
|
| /rs/ | rs | -RS |
| /rst/ | rst |
-FRT, *RS
|
| /rz/ | rz | -RZ |
| /rʃ/ | rsh | -R/*RB |
| /rtʃ/ | rch |
-FRPB, -R/*FP
|
| /rdʒ/ | rj | -RPBLG |
| /l/ | l | -L |
| /lp/ | lp |
-L/*P, -P, -PL
|
| /lt/ | lt | -LT |
| /lk/ | lk |
*LG, -L/*BG
|
| /lf/ | lf | -FL |
| /lv/ | lv | -FL |
| /lθ/ | lth | *LT |
| /lʃ/ | lsh | -L/*RB |
| /tʃ/ | ch | -FP |
| /dʒ/ | j | -PBLG |
| /ks/ | x | -BGS |
| /kst/ | xt |
*BGS, -GT
|