add pop count

src/Neo.Compiler.CSharp/MethodConvert/StackHelpers.OpCodes.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,47 @@ namespace Neo.Compiler;
 
 partial class MethodConvert
 {
+
+    private Instruction Nop()
+    {
+        return AddInstruction(OpCode.NOP);
+    }
+
+    private Instruction PushM1()
+    {
+        return AddInstruction(OpCode.PUSHM1);
+    }
+
+    private Instruction Push0()
+    {
+        return AddInstruction(OpCode.PUSH0);
+    }
+
+    private Instruction Push1()
+    {
+        return AddInstruction(OpCode.PUSH1);
+    }
+
+    private Instruction Push2()
+    {
+        return AddInstruction(OpCode.PUSH2);
+    }
+
+    private Instruction Push3()
+    {
+        return AddInstruction(OpCode.PUSH3);
+    }
+
+    private Instruction Push4()
+    {
+        return AddInstruction(OpCode.PUSH4);
+    }
+
+    private Instruction Push5()
+    {
+        return AddInstruction(OpCode.PUSH5);
+    }
+
     #region Constants
 
     private Instruction Abort()

src/Neo.Compiler.CSharp/MethodConvert/System/SystemCall.BigInteger.cs

@@ -570,4 +570,51 @@ private static void HandleBigIntegerEquals(MethodConvert methodConvert, Semantic
             methodConvert.PrepareArgumentsForMethod(model, symbol, arguments);
         methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.NUMEQUAL);
     }
+
+    private static void HandleBigIntegerPopCount(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticModel model, IMethodSymbol symbol, ExpressionSyntax? instanceExpression, IReadOnlyList<SyntaxNode>? arguments)
+    {
+        if (instanceExpression is not null)
+            methodConvert.ConvertExpression(model, instanceExpression);
+        if (arguments is not null)
+            methodConvert.PrepareArgumentsForMethod(model, symbol, arguments);
+
+        // Check if the value is within int range
+        methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.DUP);
+        methodConvert.Within(int.MinValue, int.MaxValue);
+        var endIntCheck = new JumpTarget();
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMPIFNOT, endIntCheck);
+
+        // If within int range, mask with 0xFFFFFFFF
+        methodConvert.Push(0xFFFFFFFF);
+        methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.AND);
+        var endMask = new JumpTarget();
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMP, endMask);
+
+        // If larger than int, throw exception, cause too many check will make the script too long.
+        endIntCheck.Instruction = methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.NOP);
+        methodConvert.Push("Value out of range, must be between int.MinValue and int.MaxValue.");
+        methodConvert.Throw();
+        endMask.Instruction = methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.NOP);
+
+        // Initialize count to 0
+        methodConvert.Push(0); // value count
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        // Loop to count the number of 1 bit
+        JumpTarget loopStart = new();
+        JumpTarget endLoop = new();
+        loopStart.Instruction = methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push0(); // count value value 0
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMPEQ, endLoop); // count value
+        methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value value 1
+        methodConvert.And(); // count value (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Rot(); // value (value & 1) count
+        methodConvert.Add(); // value count += (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value 1
+        methodConvert.ShR(); // count value >>= 1
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMP, loopStart);
+
+        endLoop.Instruction = methodConvert.Drop(); // Drop the remaining value
+    }
 }

src/Neo.Compiler.CSharp/MethodConvert/System/SystemCall.Byte.cs

@@ -181,4 +181,38 @@ private static void HandleByteRotateRight(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticM
         methodConvert.Push((BigInteger.One << bitWidth) - 1);  // Push (2^bitWidth - 1) as bitmask
         methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.AND);    // Ensure final result is bitWidth-bit
     }
+
+    private static void HandleBytePopCount(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticModel model, IMethodSymbol symbol, ExpressionSyntax? instanceExpression, IReadOnlyList<SyntaxNode>? arguments)
+    {
+        if (instanceExpression is not null)
+            methodConvert.ConvertExpression(model, instanceExpression);
+        if (arguments is not null)
+            methodConvert.PrepareArgumentsForMethod(model, symbol, arguments);
+        // Determine bit width of int
+        var bitWidth = sizeof(byte) * 8;
+
+        // Mask to ensure the value is treated as a 8-bit unsigned integer
+        methodConvert.Push((BigInteger.One << bitWidth) - 1); // 0xFF
+        methodConvert.And(); // value = value & 0xFF
+                             // Initialize count to 0
+        methodConvert.Push(0); // value count
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        // Loop to count the number of 1 bits
+        JumpTarget loopStart = new();
+        JumpTarget endLoop = new();
+        loopStart.Instruction = methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push0(); // count value value 0
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMPEQ, endLoop); // count value
+        methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value value 1
+        methodConvert.And(); // count value (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Rot(); // value (value & 1) count
+        methodConvert.Add(); // value count += (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value 1
+        methodConvert.ShR(); // count value >>= 1
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMP, loopStart);
+
+        endLoop.Instruction = methodConvert.Drop(); // Drop the remaining value
+    }
 }

src/Neo.Compiler.CSharp/MethodConvert/System/SystemCall.Int.cs

@@ -264,4 +264,39 @@ private static void HandleIntRotateRight(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticMo
         methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.SUB);
         endTarget.Instruction = methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.NOP);
     }
+
+    // implement PopCount
+    private static void HandleIntPopCount(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticModel model, IMethodSymbol symbol, ExpressionSyntax? instanceExpression, IReadOnlyList<SyntaxNode>? arguments)
+    {
+        if (instanceExpression is not null)
+            methodConvert.ConvertExpression(model, instanceExpression);
+        if (arguments is not null)
+            methodConvert.PrepareArgumentsForMethod(model, symbol, arguments);
+        // Determine bit width of int
+        var bitWidth = sizeof(int) * 8;
+
+        // Mask to ensure the value is treated as a 32-bit unsigned integer
+        methodConvert.Push((BigInteger.One << bitWidth) - 1); // 0xFFFFFFFF
+        methodConvert.And(); // value = value & 0xFFFFFFFF
+                             // Initialize count to 0
+        methodConvert.Push(0); // value count
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        // Loop to count the number of 1 bits
+        JumpTarget loopStart = new();
+        JumpTarget endLoop = new();
+        loopStart.Instruction = methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push0(); // count value value 0
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMPEQ, endLoop); // count value
+        methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value value 1
+        methodConvert.And(); // count value (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Rot(); // value (value & 1) count
+        methodConvert.Add(); // value count += (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value 1
+        methodConvert.ShR(); // count value >>= 1
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMP, loopStart);
+
+        endLoop.Instruction = methodConvert.Drop(); // Drop the remaining value
+    }
 }

src/Neo.Compiler.CSharp/MethodConvert/System/SystemCall.Long.cs

@@ -268,4 +268,38 @@ private static void HandleLongRotateRight(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticM
         methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.SUB);
         endTarget.Instruction = methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.NOP);
     }
+
+    private static void HandleLongPopCount(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticModel model, IMethodSymbol symbol, ExpressionSyntax? instanceExpression, IReadOnlyList<SyntaxNode>? arguments)
+    {
+        if (instanceExpression is not null)
+            methodConvert.ConvertExpression(model, instanceExpression);
+        if (arguments is not null)
+            methodConvert.PrepareArgumentsForMethod(model, symbol, arguments);
+        // Determine bit width of int
+        var bitWidth = sizeof(long) * 8;
+
+        // Mask to ensure the value is treated as a 64-bit unsigned integer
+        methodConvert.Push((BigInteger.One << bitWidth) - 1); // 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
+        methodConvert.And(); // value = value & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
+        // Initialize count to 0
+        methodConvert.Push(0); // value count
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        // Loop to count the number of 1 bits
+        JumpTarget loopStart = new();
+        JumpTarget endLoop = new();
+        loopStart.Instruction = methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push0(); // count value value 0
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMPEQ, endLoop); // count value
+        methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value value 1
+        methodConvert.And(); // count value (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Rot(); // value (value & 1) count
+        methodConvert.Add(); // value count += (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value 1
+        methodConvert.ShR(); // count value >>= 1
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMP, loopStart);
+
+        endLoop.Instruction = methodConvert.Drop(); // Drop the remaining value
+    }
 }

src/Neo.Compiler.CSharp/MethodConvert/System/SystemCall.Register.cs

@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ private static void RegisterSystemCallHandlers()
 
         // Nullable type handlers
         RegisterNullableTypeHandlers();
+
+        // BitOperations handlers
+        RegisterBitOperationsHandlers();
     }
 
     private static void RegisterBigIntegerHandlers()
@@ -478,6 +481,19 @@ private static void RegisterNumericTypeHandlers()
         // RegisterHandler((string s) => bool.Parse(s), HandleBoolParse);
         RegisterHandler((string s) => BigInteger.Parse(s), HandleBigIntegerParse);
         #endregion
+
+        // Numeric PopCount
+        #region PopCount
+        RegisterHandler((byte value) => byte.PopCount(value), HandleBytePopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((sbyte value) => sbyte.PopCount(value), HandleSBytePopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((short value) => short.PopCount(value), HandleShortPopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((ushort value) => ushort.PopCount(value), HandleUShortPopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((int value) => int.PopCount(value), HandleIntPopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((uint value) => uint.PopCount(value), HandleUIntPopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((long value) => long.PopCount(value), HandleLongPopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((ulong value) => ulong.PopCount(value), HandleULongPopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((BigInteger value) => BigInteger.PopCount(value), HandleBigIntegerPopCount);
+        #endregion PopCount
     }
 
     private static void RegisterMathHandlers()
@@ -715,4 +731,20 @@ private static void RegisterNullableTypeHandlers()
         RegisterHandler((string? value, bool result) => bool.TryParse(value, out result), HandleBoolTryParseWithOut);
         #endregion
     }
+
+    private static void RegisterBitOperationsHandlers()
+    {
+        // Static Methods
+        RegisterHandler((uint value) => BitOperations.LeadingZeroCount(value), HandleUIntLeadingZeroCount);
+        RegisterHandler((ulong value) => BitOperations.LeadingZeroCount(value), HandleULongLeadingZeroCount);
+        RegisterHandler((uint value) => BitOperations.Log2(value), HandleBigIntegerLog2);
+        RegisterHandler((ulong value) => BitOperations.Log2(value), HandleBigIntegerLog2);
+        RegisterHandler((uint value) => BitOperations.PopCount(value), HandleUIntPopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((ulong value) => BitOperations.PopCount(value), HandleULongPopCount);
+        RegisterHandler((uint value, int offset) => BitOperations.RotateLeft(value, offset), HandleUIntRotateLeft);
+        RegisterHandler((ulong value, int offset) => BitOperations.RotateLeft(value, offset), HandleULongRotateLeft);
+        RegisterHandler((uint value, int offset) => BitOperations.RotateRight(value, offset), HandleUIntRotateRight);
+        RegisterHandler((ulong value, int offset) => BitOperations.RotateRight(value, offset), HandleULongRotateRight);
+    }
+
 }

src/Neo.Compiler.CSharp/MethodConvert/System/SystemCall.SByte.cs

@@ -265,4 +265,38 @@ private static void HandleSByteRotateRight(MethodConvert methodConvert, Semantic
         methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.SUB);
         endTarget.Instruction = methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.NOP);
     }
+
+    private static void HandleSBytePopCount(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticModel model, IMethodSymbol symbol, ExpressionSyntax? instanceExpression, IReadOnlyList<SyntaxNode>? arguments)
+    {
+        if (instanceExpression is not null)
+            methodConvert.ConvertExpression(model, instanceExpression);
+        if (arguments is not null)
+            methodConvert.PrepareArgumentsForMethod(model, symbol, arguments);
+        // Determine bit width of int
+        var bitWidth = sizeof(sbyte) * 8;
+
+        // Mask to ensure the value is treated as a 8-bit unsigned integer
+        methodConvert.Push((BigInteger.One << bitWidth) - 1); // 0xFF
+        methodConvert.And(); // value = value & 0xFF
+                             // Initialize count to 0
+        methodConvert.Push(0); // value count
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        // Loop to count the number of 1 bits
+        JumpTarget loopStart = new();
+        JumpTarget endLoop = new();
+        loopStart.Instruction = methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push0(); // count value value 0
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMPEQ, endLoop); // count value
+        methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value value 1
+        methodConvert.And(); // count value (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Rot(); // value (value & 1) count
+        methodConvert.Add(); // value count += (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value 1
+        methodConvert.ShR(); // count value >>= 1
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMP, loopStart);
+
+        endLoop.Instruction = methodConvert.Drop(); // Drop the remaining value
+    }
 }

src/Neo.Compiler.CSharp/MethodConvert/System/SystemCall.Short.cs

@@ -269,4 +269,38 @@ private static void HandleShortRotateRight(MethodConvert methodConvert, Semantic
         methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.SUB);
         endTarget.Instruction = methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.NOP);
     }
+
+    private static void HandleShortPopCount(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticModel model, IMethodSymbol symbol, ExpressionSyntax? instanceExpression, IReadOnlyList<SyntaxNode>? arguments)
+    {
+        if (instanceExpression is not null)
+            methodConvert.ConvertExpression(model, instanceExpression);
+        if (arguments is not null)
+            methodConvert.PrepareArgumentsForMethod(model, symbol, arguments);
+        // Determine bit width of int
+        var bitWidth = sizeof(short) * 8;
+
+        // Mask to ensure the value is treated as a 16-bit unsigned integer
+        methodConvert.Push((BigInteger.One << bitWidth) - 1); // 0xFFFF
+        methodConvert.And(); // value = value & 0xFFFF
+                             // Initialize count to 0
+        methodConvert.Push(0); // value count
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        // Loop to count the number of 1 bits
+        JumpTarget loopStart = new();
+        JumpTarget endLoop = new();
+        loopStart.Instruction = methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push0(); // count value value 0
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMPEQ, endLoop); // count value
+        methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value value 1
+        methodConvert.And(); // count value (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Rot(); // value (value & 1) count
+        methodConvert.Add(); // value count += (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value 1
+        methodConvert.ShR(); // count value >>= 1
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMP, loopStart);
+
+        endLoop.Instruction = methodConvert.Drop(); // Drop the remaining value
+    }
 }

src/Neo.Compiler.CSharp/MethodConvert/System/SystemCall.UInt.cs

@@ -184,4 +184,38 @@ private static void HandleUIntRotateRight(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticM
         methodConvert.Push((BigInteger.One << bitWidth) - 1);  // Push (2^bitWidth - 1) as bitmask
         methodConvert.AddInstruction(OpCode.AND);    // Ensure final result is bitWidth-bit
     }
+
+    private static void HandleUIntPopCount(MethodConvert methodConvert, SemanticModel model, IMethodSymbol symbol, ExpressionSyntax? instanceExpression, IReadOnlyList<SyntaxNode>? arguments)
+    {
+        if (instanceExpression is not null)
+            methodConvert.ConvertExpression(model, instanceExpression);
+        if (arguments is not null)
+            methodConvert.PrepareArgumentsForMethod(model, symbol, arguments);
+        // Determine bit width of int
+        var bitWidth = sizeof(int) * 8;
+
+        // Mask to ensure the value is treated as a 32-bit unsigned integer
+        methodConvert.Push((BigInteger.One << bitWidth) - 1); // 0xFFFFFFFF
+        methodConvert.And(); // value = value & 0xFFFFFFFF
+                             // Initialize count to 0
+        methodConvert.Push(0); // value count
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        // Loop to count the number of 1 bits
+        JumpTarget loopStart = new();
+        JumpTarget endLoop = new();
+        loopStart.Instruction = methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push0(); // count value value 0
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMPEQ, endLoop); // count value
+        methodConvert.Dup(); // count value value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value value 1
+        methodConvert.And(); // count value (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Rot(); // value (value & 1) count
+        methodConvert.Add(); // value count += (value & 1)
+        methodConvert.Swap(); // count value
+        methodConvert.Push1(); // count value 1
+        methodConvert.ShR(); // count value >>= 1
+        methodConvert.Jump(OpCode.JMP, loopStart);
+
+        endLoop.Instruction = methodConvert.Drop(); // Drop the remaining value
+    }
 }