SWIFT-1126 / SWIFT-1137 Add legacy extended JSON parsing, fix Date-re…

…lated crashes (#64)

Sources/SwiftBSON/BSON.swift

@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ public enum BSON {
     case bool(Bool)
 
     /// A BSON UTC datetime.
+    /// When serialized to actual BSON bytes, the `Date` must be representable by a 64-bit signed integer
+    /// of milliseconds since the epoch. If the `Date` cannot be represented in that manner (i.e. it is too far in the
+    /// future or too far in the past), it will be serialized as either the minimum or maximum possible `Date`,
+    /// whichever is closer.
     /// - SeeAlso: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/bson-types/#date
     case datetime(Date)
 

Sources/SwiftBSON/BSONBinary.swift

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import ExtrasBase64
+import ExtrasJSON
 import Foundation
 import NIO
 
@@ -146,6 +147,7 @@ public struct BSONBinary: Equatable, Hashable {
 
 extension BSONBinary: BSONValue {
     internal static let extJSONTypeWrapperKeys: [String] = ["$binary", "$uuid"]
+    internal static let extJSONLegacyTypeWrapperKeys: [String] = ["$type"]
 
     /*
      * Initializes a `Binary` from ExtendedJSON.
@@ -188,38 +190,104 @@ extension BSONBinary: BSONValue {
             }
         }
 
-        // canonical and relaxed extended JSON
-        guard let binary = try json.value.unwrapObject(withKey: "$binary", keyPath: keyPath) else {
+        guard case let .object(obj) = json.value, let binary = obj["$binary"] else {
             return nil
         }
-        guard
-            let (base64, subTypeInput) = try binary.unwrapObject(withKeys: "base64", "subType", keyPath: keyPath)
-        else {
-            throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
-                keyPath: keyPath,
-                debugDescription: "Missing \"base64\" or \"subType\" in \(binary)"
-            )
-        }
-        guard let base64Str = base64.stringValue else {
-            throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
-                keyPath: keyPath,
-                debugDescription: "Could not parse `base64` from \"\(base64)\", " +
-                    "input must be a base64-encoded (with padding as =) payload as a string"
-            )
-        }
-        guard
-            let subTypeStr = subTypeInput.stringValue,
-            let subTypeInt = UInt8(subTypeStr, radix: 16),
-            let subType = Subtype(rawValue: subTypeInt)
-        else {
+
+        let subtype: Subtype
+        let base64Str: String
+
+        switch binary {
+        // extended JSON v2
+        case .object:
+            guard obj.count == 1 else {
+                throw Swift.DecodingError._extraKeysError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    expectedKeys: ["$binary"],
+                    allKeys: Set(obj.keys)
+                )
+            }
+            guard
+                let (base64, subTypeInput) = try binary.unwrapObject(withKeys: "base64", "subType", keyPath: keyPath)
+            else {
+                throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    debugDescription: "Missing \"base64\" or \"subType\" in \(binary)"
+                )
+            }
+            guard let b64Str = base64.stringValue else {
+                throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    debugDescription: "Could not parse `base64` from \"\(base64)\", " +
+                        "input must be a base64-encoded (with padding as =) payload as a string"
+                )
+            }
+
+            guard
+                let subtypeString = subTypeInput.stringValue,
+                let subtypeInt = UInt8(subtypeString, radix: 16),
+                let s = Subtype(rawValue: subtypeInt)
+            else {
+                throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    debugDescription: "Could not parse `SubType` from \"\(json)\", subtype must"
+                        + "be a BSON binary type as a one- or two-character hex string"
+                )
+            }
+
+            base64Str = b64Str
+            subtype = s
+        case let .string(base64):
+            guard obj.count == 2 else {
+                throw Swift.DecodingError._extraKeysError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    expectedKeys: ["$binary"],
+                    allKeys: Set(obj.keys)
+                )
+            }
+
+            // extended JSON v1 (legacy)
+            guard let subtypeInput = obj["$type"] else {
+                throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    debugDescription: "missing \"$type\" key in BSON binary legacy extended JSON representation"
+                )
+            }
+
+            let subtypeString: String
+            if let str = subtypeInput.stringValue {
+                subtypeString = str
+            } else if case let .number(n) = subtypeInput {
+                subtypeString = n
+            } else {
+                throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    debugDescription: "expected \"$type\" to be a string or number, got \(subtypeInput) instead"
+                )
+            }
+
+            guard
+                let subtypeInt = UInt8(subtypeString, radix: 16),
+                let s = Subtype(rawValue: subtypeInt)
+            else {
+                throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    debugDescription: "Could not parse `SubType` from \"\(json)\", subtype must be a BSON binary"
+                        + "type as a one-or-two character hex string or a number"
+                )
+            }
+
+            base64Str = base64
+            subtype = s
+        default:
             throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
                 keyPath: keyPath,
-                debugDescription: "Could not parse `SubType` from \"\(subTypeInput)\", " +
-                    "input must be a BSON binary type as a one- or two-character hex string"
+                debugDescription: "expected extended JSON object for \"$binary\", got \(binary) instead"
             )
         }
+
         do {
-            self = try BSONBinary(base64: base64Str, subtype: subType)
+            self = try BSONBinary(base64: base64Str, subtype: subtype)
         } catch {
             throw Swift.DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
                 keyPath: keyPath,

Sources/SwiftBSON/BSONEncoder.swift

@@ -16,9 +16,12 @@ public class BSONEncoder {
         case deferredToDate
 
         /// Encode the `Date` as a BSON datetime object (default).
+        /// Throws an `EncodingError` if the `Date` is further away from January 1, 1970 than can be represented
+        /// by a 64-bit signed integer of milliseconds.
         case bsonDateTime
 
         /// Encode the `Date` as a 64-bit integer counting the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970.
+        /// Throws an `EncodingError` if the `Date` is too far away from then to be represented this way.
         case millisecondsSince1970
 
         /// Encode the `Date` as a BSON double counting the number of seconds since January 1, 1970.
@@ -440,13 +443,27 @@ extension _BSONEncoder {
 
     /// Returns the date as a `BSONValue`, or nil if no values were encoded by the custom encoder strategy.
     fileprivate func boxDate(_ date: Date) throws -> BSONValue? {
+        func validateDate() throws {
+            guard date.isValidBSONDate() else {
+                throw EncodingError.invalidValue(
+                    date,
+                    EncodingError.Context(
+                        codingPath: self.codingPath,
+                        debugDescription: "Date must be representable as an Int64 number of milliseconds since epoch"
+                    )
+                )
+            }
+        }
+
         switch self.options.dateEncodingStrategy {
         case .bsonDateTime:
+            try validateDate()
             return date
         case .deferredToDate:
             try date.encode(to: self)
             return self.storage.popContainer()
         case .millisecondsSince1970:
+            try validateDate()
             return date.msSinceEpoch
         case .secondsSince1970:
             return date.timeIntervalSince1970

Sources/SwiftBSON/BSONError.swift

@@ -55,6 +55,20 @@ extension DecodingError {
             debugDescription: debugStart + debugDescription
         ))
     }
+
+    internal static func _extraKeysError(
+        keyPath: [String],
+        expectedKeys: Set<String>,
+        allKeys: Set<String>
+    ) -> DecodingError {
+        let extra = allKeys.subtracting(expectedKeys)
+
+        return Self._extendedJSONError(
+            keyPath: keyPath,
+            debugDescription: "Expected only the following keys, \(Array(expectedKeys)), instead got extra " +
+                "key(s): \(extra)"
+        )
+    }
 }
 
 /// Standardize the errors emitted from the BSON Iterator.

Sources/SwiftBSON/BSONRegularExpression.swift

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ public struct BSONRegularExpression: Equatable, Hashable {
 
 extension BSONRegularExpression: BSONValue {
     internal static let extJSONTypeWrapperKeys: [String] = ["$regularExpression"]
+    internal static let extJSONLegacyTypeWrapperKeys: [String] = ["$regex", "$options"]
 
     /*
      * Initializes a `BSONRegularExpression` from ExtendedJSON.
@@ -81,22 +82,36 @@ extension BSONRegularExpression: BSONValue {
      *   - `DecodingError` if `json` is a partial match or is malformed.
      */
     internal init?(fromExtJSON json: JSON, keyPath: [String]) throws {
-        // canonical and relaxed extended JSON
-        guard let value = try json.value.unwrapObject(withKey: "$regularExpression", keyPath: keyPath) else {
-            return nil
-        }
-        guard
-            let (pattern, options) = try value.unwrapObject(withKeys: "pattern", "options", keyPath: keyPath),
-            let patternStr = pattern.stringValue,
-            let optionsStr = options.stringValue
-        else {
-            throw DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
-                keyPath: keyPath,
-                debugDescription: "Could not parse `BSONRegularExpression` from \"\(value)\", " +
-                    "\"pattern\" and \"options\" must be strings"
-            )
+        // canonical and relaxed extended JSON v2
+        if let regex = try json.value.unwrapObject(withKey: "$regularExpression", keyPath: keyPath) {
+            guard
+                let (pattern, options) = try regex.unwrapObject(withKeys: "pattern", "options", keyPath: keyPath),
+                let patternStr = pattern.stringValue,
+                let optionsStr = options.stringValue
+            else {
+                throw DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    debugDescription: "Could not parse `BSONRegularExpression` from \"\(regex)\", " +
+                        "\"pattern\" and \"options\" must be strings"
+                )
+            }
+            self = BSONRegularExpression(pattern: patternStr, options: optionsStr)
+            return
+        } else {
+            // legacy / v1 extended JSON
+            guard
+                let (pattern, options) = try? json.value.unwrapObject(withKeys: "$regex", "$options", keyPath: keyPath),
+                let patternStr = pattern.stringValue,
+                let optionsStr = options.stringValue
+            else {
+                // instead of a throwing an error here or as part of unwrapObject, we just return nil to avoid erroring
+                // when a $regex query operator is being parsed from extended JSON. See the
+                // "Regular expression as value of $regex query operator with $options" corpus test.
+                return nil
+            }
+            self = BSONRegularExpression(pattern: patternStr, options: optionsStr)
+            return
         }
-        self = BSONRegularExpression(pattern: patternStr, options: optionsStr)
     }
 
     /// Converts this `BSONRegularExpression` to a corresponding `JSON` in relaxed extendedJSON format.

Sources/SwiftBSON/BSONValue.swift

@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ internal protocol BSONValue: Codable {
     /// for this `BSONValue`. (e.g. for Int32, this value is ["$numberInt"]).
     static var extJSONTypeWrapperKeys: [String] { get }
 
+    /// The `$`-prefixed keys that indicate an object may be a legacy extended JSON object wrapper.
+    /// Because these keys can conflict with query operators (e.g. "$regex"), they are not always part of
+    /// an object wrapper and may sometimes be parsed as normal BSON.
+    static var extJSONLegacyTypeWrapperKeys: [String] { get }
+
     /// Initializes a corresponding `BSON` from the provided `ByteBuffer`,
     /// moving the buffer's readerIndex forward to the byte beyond the end
     /// of this value.
@@ -35,6 +40,8 @@ internal protocol BSONValue: Codable {
 
 /// Convenience extension to get static bsonType from an instance
 extension BSONValue {
+    internal static var extJSONLegacyTypeWrapperKeys: [String] { [] }
+
     internal var bsonType: BSONType {
         Self.bsonType
     }

Sources/SwiftBSON/Date+BSONValue.swift

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ import NIO
 extension Date: BSONValue {
     internal static let extJSONTypeWrapperKeys: [String] = ["$date"]
 
+    /// The range of datetimes that can be represented in BSON.
+    private static let VALID_BSON_DATES: Range<Date> = Date(msSinceEpoch: Int64.min)..<Date(msSinceEpoch: Int64.max)
+
     /*
      * Initializes a `Date` from ExtendedJSON.
      *
@@ -48,6 +51,15 @@ extension Date: BSONValue {
                 )
             }
             self = date
+        case let .number(ms):
+            // legacy extended JSON
+            guard let msInt64 = Int64(ms) else {
+                throw DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
+                    keyPath: keyPath,
+                    debugDescription: "Expected \(ms) to be valid Int64 representing milliseconds since epoch"
+                )
+            }
+            self = Date(msSinceEpoch: msInt64)
         default:
             throw DecodingError._extendedJSONError(
                 keyPath: keyPath,
@@ -87,7 +99,20 @@ extension Date: BSONValue {
     internal var bson: BSON { .datetime(self) }
 
     /// The number of milliseconds after the Unix epoch that this `Date` occurs.
-    internal var msSinceEpoch: Int64 { Int64((self.timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000.0).rounded()) }
+    /// If the date is further in the future than Int64.max milliseconds from the epoch,
+    /// Int64.max is returned to prevent a crash.
+    internal var msSinceEpoch: Int64 {
+        // to prevent the application from crashing, we simply clamp the date to the range representable
+        // by an Int64 ms since epoch
+        guard self > Self.VALID_BSON_DATES.lowerBound else {
+            return Int64.min
+        }
+        guard self < Self.VALID_BSON_DATES.upperBound else {
+            return Int64.max
+        }
+
+        return Int64((self.timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000.0).rounded())
+    }
 
     /// Initializes a new `Date` representing the instance `msSinceEpoch` milliseconds
     /// since the Unix epoch.
@@ -105,4 +130,8 @@ extension Date: BSONValue {
     internal func write(to buffer: inout ByteBuffer) {
         buffer.writeInteger(self.msSinceEpoch, endianness: .little, as: Int64.self)
     }
+
+    internal func isValidBSONDate() -> Bool {
+        Self.VALID_BSON_DATES.contains(self)
+    }
 }

Sources/SwiftBSON/ExtendedJSONDecoder.swift

@@ -17,8 +17,15 @@ public class ExtendedJSONDecoder {
     }()
 
     /// A set of all the possible extendedJSON wrapper keys.
+    /// This does not include the legacy extended JSON wrapper keys.
     private static var wrapperKeySet: Set<String> = {
-        Set(ExtendedJSONDecoder.wrapperKeyMap.keys)
+        var keys: Set<String> = []
+        for t in BSON.allBSONTypes.values {
+            for k in t.extJSONTypeWrapperKeys {
+                keys.insert(k)
+            }
+        }
+        return keys
     }()
 
     /// A map from extended JSON wrapper keys (e.g. "$numberLong") to the BSON type(s) that they correspond to.
@@ -33,6 +40,9 @@ public class ExtendedJSONDecoder {
             for k in t.extJSONTypeWrapperKeys {
                 map[k, default: []].append(t.self)
             }
+            for k in t.extJSONLegacyTypeWrapperKeys {
+                map[k, default: []].append(t.self)
+            }
         }
         return map
     }()