Security patching

[ghidalgo3]

Description

Although this change ballooned in scope, the original intent was:

1. Upgrade orjson to 3.9.15
2. Upgrade azure-storage-blob to 12.19.1 (this induces an azurite upgrade during development)
3. Upgrade urllib3 to 1.26.18
4. Upgrade Pillow to 10.2.0
5. Upgrade requests to 2.31.0
6. Upgrade setuptools to 65.5.1

All to address public CVEs.

The remaining changes then became:

1. Generating and using requirements*.txt files to enumerate and install Python dependencies. This makes responding to vulnerabilities easier because exact depenency versions are listed.
2. Improving upon Use conda for tiler dependencies, support LERC rasters #169 and Reduce image size of pctiler build #171 to now use pip instead of conda. This is possible now, and not before, because a version of rasterio with a version of GDAL that support LERC compression is available through pip instead of conda.
3. Various Dockerfile optmizations to allow pip caching to work.

I had to merge #190 into my branch to make API validation pass, so this PR should be reviewed after that one to minimize the diff.

Type of change

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)

How Has This Been Tested?

The one non-trivial change that needed testing was rasterio's LERC support.
I verified that rasterio 1.3.6 (previous version) when installed through pip would throw an exception when reading a COG with LERC compression.
The current rasterio (1.3.9) is able to open and read the asset.

Checklist:

Please delete options that are not relevant.

• I have performed a self-review
• Documentation has been updated
• Unit tests pass locally (./scripts/test)
• Code is linted and styled (./scripts/format)