standardize k8s version and common setup steps in templates

[eljohnson92]

What type of PR is this?
/kind cleanup

What this PR does / why we need it:
This PR does some cleanup of our templates in a few ways

• executes common steps such as turning swap off in a consistent way across flavors
• removes providerID specification since the CCM can handle setting this correctly when it is installed
• sets all flavors to use the KUBERNETES_VERSION env variable so the clusterctl --kubernetes-version flag will work as expected

Which issue(s) this PR fixes (optional, in fixes #<issue number>(, fixes #<issue_number>, ...) format, will close the issue(s) when PR gets merged):
Fixes #

Special notes for your reviewer:

TODOs:

• squashed commits
• includes documentation
• adds unit tests
• adds or updates e2e tests

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 53.83%. Comparing base (fa66dc0) to head (9c975b1).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #259   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   53.83%   53.83%           
=======================================
  Files          27       27           
  Lines        1566     1566           
=======================================
  Hits          843      843           
  Misses        673      673           
  Partials       50       50           

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[AshleyDumaine]

LGTM, gave it a go on the RKE2 and default flavors and works fine 👍