How To: Create a custom encryptor

When working with a legacy database where a non-supported password encryption method is used, you can write your own custom encryptor.

Devise version 2.1 and up

You have to add the devise-encryptable in addition to the devise gem.

# Gemfile
gem 'devise-encryptable'

Implement your own encryptor.

# config/initializers/md5.rb
require 'digest/md5'

module Devise
  module Encryptable
    module Encryptors
      class Md5 < Base
        def self.digest(password, stretches, salt, pepper)
          str = [password, salt].flatten.compact.join
          Digest::MD5.hexdigest(str)
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

Devise versions prior to 2.1

Implement your own encryptor.

# lib/devise/encryptors/md5.rb
require 'digest/md5'

module Devise
  module Encryptors
    class Md5 < Base
      def self.digest(password, stretches, salt, pepper)
        str = [password, salt].flatten.compact.join
        Digest::MD5.hexdigest(str)
      end
    end
  end
end

You can then set this as your encryptor in config/initializers/devise.rb:

config.encryptor = :md5

Don’t forget to enable the :encryptable in your User model.

Also, you should make sure that the new file is loaded, for instance by adding this to your users' class:

require Rails.root.join('lib', 'devise', 'encryptors', 'md5')

See also: http://www.markrichman.com/2010/11/22/rails-devise-datamapper-authentication/

Problems?

Additionally, I had to add the following to my user model in order to be able to log in. Supposedly there is a more elegant way, but I did not get devise_for … :encryptor => :md5 to work, nor devise :encryptor => :md5. Maybe this is because I do not have a password salt.

Try adding :encryptable to your devise statement as well. devise :encryptable, :encryptor => :md5.

# app/models/user.rb 
# debt: we should not need to do this, but seems like setting :encryptor => :md5 on the devise or devise_for
# does not do anything. Maybe because we don't use a salt. So this works for now.
def valid_password?(password)
  return false if encrypted_password.blank?
  Devise.secure_compare(Devise::Encryptable::Encryptors::Md5.digest(password, nil, nil, nil), self.encrypted_password)
end

And how I tested it.

# spec/models/user_spec.rb
describe "devise valid_password?" do
  it "should use our hashing mechanism, not the default bcrypt" do
    Factory(:member).valid_password?('blahblah').should be_true
  end
end

Workaround for empty salt

Encryptable expects a password_salt attribute in the model, else it won't even call the custom encryptor or even cause exceptions:

# app/models/user.rb
def password_salt
  'no salt'
end

def password_salt=(new_salt)
end

This advice of 'working around' the absence of a salt is not sound. Not only is MD5 no longer safe http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/836068 (SHA2 > 256 key length is recommended see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2) but even then hashes without a salt are open to rainbow table (brute force) attacks. Don't become another LinkedIn, use a strong hashing function with a salt.