Go Configuration Library

This project is a Go library for reading configuration data from various sources such as environment variables, command-line flags, and configuration files. The library provides a unified interface for reading configuration data, making it easier to manage and maintain your application's configuration.

Attention

The library uses the env, pflag, yaml, toml and godotenv codebase to work with environment variables and flags. This is a temporary solution, maybe I’ll write my own implementation later. Thanks to the authors of these libraries for the work done!

Installation

To install the library, use the go get command:

go get github.com/dsbasko/go-cfg

Usage

The library provides several functions for reading configuration data:

• ReadEnv(cfg any) error: Reads environment variables into the provided cfg structure. Each field in the cfg structure represents an environment variable.
• MustReadEnv(cfg any): Similar to ReadEnv but panics if the reading process fails.
• ReadFlag(cfg any) error: Reads command-line flags into the provided cfg structure. Each field in the cfg structure represents a command-line flag.
• MustReadFlag(cfg any): Similar to ReadFlag but panics if the reading process fails.
• ReadFile(path string, cfg any) error: Reads configuration from a file into the provided cfg structure. The path parameter is the path to the configuration file. Each field in the cfg structure represents a configuration option. Supported file formats include JSON, YAML, TOML and .env.
• MustReadFile(path string, cfg any): Similar to ReadFile but panics if the reading process fails.

Here is an example of how to use the library:

package main

import (
	"github.com/dsbasko/go-cfg"
)

type Config struct {
	Mode string `default:"prod" json:"mode" yaml:"mode" s-flag:"m" flag:"mode" env:"MODE" description:"mode of the application (dev|prod)"`
	HTTP struct {
		Host         string `default:"localhost" json:"host" yaml:"host" s-flag:"h" flag:"http-host" env:"HTTP_HOST"`
		Port         int    `default:"3000" json:"port" yaml:"port" s-flag:"p" flag:"http-port" env:"HTTP_PORT"`
		ReadTimeout  int    `json:"read_timeout" yaml:"read-timeout" flag:"http-read-timeout" env:"HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT"`
		WriteTimeout int    `json:"write_timeout" yaml:"write-timeout" flag:"http-write-timeout" env:"HTTP_WRITE_TIMEOUT"`
	} `json:"http" yaml:"http"`
}

func main() {
	cfg := Config{}

	gocfg.MustReadFile("configs/config.yaml", &cfg)
	gocfg.MustReadEnv(&cfg)
	gocfg.MustReadFlag(&cfg)
}

Note that you can configure the priority of the configuration. For example, you can first read YAML configs, then environment variables, and finally flags, or vice versa.

Flags

Run a project with flags: go run ./cmd/main.go -s="some short flag" --flat=f1 --nested n1

type config struct {
	WithShort string `s-flag:"s" flag:"with-short" description:"With short flag"`
	Flat      string `flag:"flat" description:"Flat flag"`
	Parent    struct {
		Nested string `flag:"nested" description:"Nested flag"`
	}
}

func main() {
	var cfg config
	if err := gocfg.ReadFlag(&cfg); err != nil {
		log.Panicf("failed to read flag: %v", err)
	}
	// or: gocfg.MustReadFlag(&cfg)

	log.Printf("WithShort: %v\n", cfg.WithShort)
	log.Printf("Flat: %v\n", cfg.Flat)
	log.Printf("Nested: %v\n", cfg.Parent.Nested)
}

// WithShort: some short flag
// Flat: f1
// Nested: n1

Struct tags are available for working with flags:

• default default value;
• flag the name of the flag;
• s-flag short name of the flask (1 symbol);
• description description of the flag that is displayed when running the --help command.

Environment variables

The env structure tag is used for environment variables. Run a project with environment variables: FLAT=f1 NESTED=n1 go run ./cmd/main.go

type config struct {
	Flat   string `env:"FLAT"`
	Parent struct {
		Nested string `env:"NESTED"`
	}
}

func main() {
	var cfg config
	if err := gocfg.ReadEnv(&cfg); err != nil {
		log.Panicf("failed to read env: %v", err)
	}
	// or: gocfg.MustReadEnv(&cfg)

	log.Printf("Flat: %v\n", cfg.Flat)
	log.Printf("Nested: %v\n", cfg.Parent.Nested)
}

// Flat: f1
// Nested: n1

Struct tags are available for working with environment variables:

• default default value;
• env the name of the environment variable.

Files

Run a project with environment variables: go run ./cmd/main.go

type config struct {
	Flat   string `yaml:"flat"`
	Parent struct {
		Nested string `yaml:"nested"`
	}
}

func main() {
	var cfg config
	if err := gocfg.ReadFile(path.Join("cmd", "config.yaml"), &cfg); err != nil {
		log.Panicf("failed to read config.yaml file: %v", err)
	}
	// or: gocfg.MustReadFile(path.Join("cmd", "config.yaml"), &cfg)

	log.Printf("Flat: %v\n", cfg.Flat)
	log.Printf("Nested: %v\n", cfg.Parent.Nested)
}

// Flat: f1
// Nested: n1

Structure of the yaml file:

flat: f1
foo:
  nested: n1

Struct tags are available for working with environment variables:

• default default value;
• env for files of the format .env
• yaml for files of the format .yaml or .yml
• toml for files of the format .toml
• json for files of the format .json

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If you enjoyed this project, I would appreciate it if you could give it a star! If you notice any problems or have any suggestions for improvement, please feel free to create a new issue. Your feedback means a lot to me!

❤️ Dmitriy Basenko