CHEATSHEET

MOTIONS

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
UP/DOWN/LEFT/RIGHT	Move cursor
CTRL-u/ CTRL-d	Half page up/down
b / w	Prev/next word
ge / e	End of previous/next word
0 / $	Start/end of line
^	Start of line (non blank)
FCHARACTER / fCHARACTER	Goto prev/next CHARACTER
| / N|	Move to first/N th column
gg / G	Goto first/last line
:N	Goto N th line
{ / }	Goto previous/next empty line

INSERT MODE

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
i	Insert mode
C / cc	Change to end of/current line
o / O	Insert below/above the line

NORMAL MODE

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
r	Replace one character
R	Replace mode
u / Nu	Undo one/N changes
CTRL-r / n CTRL-r	Redo one/N changes
J	Join next line with current
> / <	Shift text right/left
CTRL-o	Get into normal mode temporarily and run commands

VISUAL MODE

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
v	Enter visual mode
V	Enter visual line mode
CTRL-v	Enter visual block mode
d	Delete selection
s	Replace selection
y	Yank selection
=	Formats code

CUT and PASTE

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
x	Delete character
p / P	Paste before/after
xp	Swap 2 adjacent characters
dw	Delete word
dd	Delete line
ddp	Swap 2 lines
yy	Yank line
D	Delete to end of line
"*p / "+p	Paste from system clipboard
"*y / "+y	Paste to system clipboard

REPEATING

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
.	Repeat last command
;	Repeat latest f, F, t, T
.	Repeat latest f, F, t, T reversed
&	Repeat last :s
@:	Repeat a command-line command

MACROS

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
qi	Record macro i
q	Stop recording macro
@i	Run macro i
7@i	Run macro i 7 times
@@	Repeat last macro

OPERATORS

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
d	Delete
y	Yank
c	Change (Delete then insert)
p	Paste
=	Formats code
g~	Toggles case
gU	Upper case
gu	Lower case
> / <	Indent right/left

OPERATOR COMBINATIONS

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
dd	Delete current line
dw	Delete to next word
db	Delete to beginning of word
cc	Change current line
yy	Yank current line
d/WORD	Delete until word
dfCHARACTER	Delete until character
Ndd	Delete N lines
dNw	Delete N words
dNj	Delete N lines downwards
Nyy	Yank N lines
ggdG	Delete complete document
gg=G	Indent complete document
ggyG	Copy whole document
ggvG	Select all text

TEXT OBJECTS

TEXT OBJECT	OBJECT TYPE
p	Paragraph
w	Word
W	Word surrounded by white spaces
s	Sentence
[({<	A [], (), or {} block
])}>	A [], (), or {} block
'"	A quoted string
b	A block [(
B	A block in [{

TEXT OBJECT OPERATIONS

KEYMAPPING	OBJECT
vi"	Select inner quotes "..."
va"	Select quotes "..."
vi[	Select inner brackets [...]
va[	Select brackets [...]
viw	Select inner word
viW	Select any continous text
vaBRACE	Select content including brace
viBRACE	Select content excluding brace
vip	Select inner paragraph
vipip	Select more paragraph
diw	Delete inner word
dis	Delete inner sentence
di"	Delete in quotes
da"	Delete in quotes (including quotes)
dip	Delete a paragraph
ciw	Change inner word
ci"	Change inner quotes
cit	Change inner tags (HTML)
cip	Change inner paragraph
yip	Yank inner paragraph
yap	Yank paragraph (including newline)
yaBRACE	Yank content including brace
yiBRACE	Yank content excluding brace

SEARCH and REPLACE

SEARCH

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
/TEXT	Search forward
/TEXT\c	Search forward case sensitive
?TEXT	Search backward
n	Next matching search pattern
N	Previous match
*	Search for current word forward
#	Search for current word backward

RANGES

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
%	Entire file
’<,’>	Current selection
5	Line 5
5,10	Lines 5 to 10
$	Last line
2,$	Lines 2 to Last
.	Current line
,3	Next 3 lines
-3,	Forward 3 lines

FLAGS

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
g	Replace all occurrences
i	Ignore case
I	Don't ignore case
c	Confirm each substitution

REPLACE LINE

Tip

FORMAT : :[range]s/{pattern}/{str}/[flags]

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
:s/old/new	Replace first
:s/old/new/g	Replace all
:s/\vold/new/g	Replace all with regex
:s/old/new/gc	replace all (Confirm)
:s/old/new/i	Ignore case replace first
:N,Ms/old/new/g	Replace between lines N-M

REPLACE FILE

Tip

FORMAT : :%s/{pattern}/{str}/[flags]

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
:%s/old/new	Replace first
:%s/old/new/g	Replace all
:%s/old/new/gc	Replace all (Confirm)
:%s/old/new/gi	Replace all (ignore case)
:%s/\vold/new/g	Replace all with regex

GLOBAL COMMAND

Tip

FORMAT : :[range]g/{pattern}/[command]

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
:g/foo/d	Delete lines containing foo
:g!/foo/d	Delete lines not containing foo
:g/^\s*$/d	Delete all blank lines
:g/foo/t$	Copy lines containing foo to EOF
:g/foo/m$	Move lines containing foo to EOF
:g/^/m0	Reverse a file
:g/^/t.	Duplicate every line

SUBSTITUTION EXPRESSION (MAGIC)

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
& | \0	Replace with the whole matched
\1...\9	Replace with the group 0-9
\u	Uppercase next letter
\U	Uppercase following characters
\l	Lowercase next letter
\L	Lowercase following characters
\e	End of \u, \U, \l and \L
\E	End of \u, \U, \l and \L

EXAMPLES

EXPRESSION	EFFECT
:s/a|b/xxx\0xxx/g	Modifies "a b" to "xxxaxxx xxxbxxx"
:s/test/\	Modifies "test" to "TEST FILE"
:s/\(test\)/\U\1	Modifies "test" to "TEST file"
:s/\v([abc])([efg])/\2\1/	Modifies "af fa bg" to "fa fa gb"
:s/\v\w+/\u\0/g	Modifies "bla bla" to "Bla Bla"
:s/\v([ab])|([cd])/\1x	Modifies "a b c d" to "ax bx x x"
:%s/.*/\L	Modifies "HTML" to "html"
:s/\v<(.)(\w*)/\u\1\L\2	Make every first letter of a word uppercase
:%s/^\(.*\)\n\1/\	Remove duplicate lines
:%s/<\/\=\(\w\+\)\>/\U&	Convert HTML-Tags to uppercase
:g/^pattern/s/$/myte	Find and append text to the end
:g/pattern/nor	Run a macro on matching lines
/^\(.*\)\(\r\?\n\1\)\	View the duplicates lines
/\v^(.*)(\r?\n\1)	View the duplicates lines (very magic)
:v/./,/./	Compress blank lines into a blank line
:g/<p1>/,/<p2>	Delete inclusively from <p1> to <p2>

MISCELLANEOUS

CASE

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
vU	Uppercase character
vu	Lowercase character
~	Toggle case character
viw	Uppercase word
viw	Lowercase word
viw	Toggle case word
VU / gUU	Uppercase line
Vu / guu	Lowercase line
V~ / g~~	Toggle case line
gggUG	Uppercase all text
ggguG	Lowercase all text
ggg~G	Toggle case all text

JUMPING

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
CTRL-	Go back to previous
CTRL-i	Go forward
gf	Go to file in cursor
ga	Display hex, ascii value

NAVIGATING

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
%	Nearest/matching {[()]}
[( | [{	Previous ( or {
]) | ]{	Next ) or }
[m	Previous method start
[M	Previous method end

COUNTERS

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
CTRL-a	Increase number
CTRL-x	Decrease number

FORMATTING

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
:ce N	Center lines between N columns
:ri N	Right-align lines at N columns
:le	Left-align lines

TAGS

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
:tag CLASSNAME	Jump to first definition of Classname
CTRL-]	Jump to definition
g]	See all definitions
CTRL-t	Go back to last tag
CTRL-o / CTRL-i	Back/forward
:tselect CLASSNAME	Find definitions of Classname
:tjump CLASSNAME	Find definitions of Classname (auto-select 1st)

CALCULATOR

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
CTRL-r = 7*7	Shows the result
CTRL-r = 10/2	Shows the result

MARKS

KEYMAPPINGS	EFFECT
`^	Last position of cursor in insert mode
`.	Last change in current buffer
`"	Last exited current buffer
`0	In last file edited
''	Back to line in current buffer where jumped from
``	Back to position in current buffer where jumped from
`[	To beginning of previously changed or yanked text
`]	To end of previously changed or yanked text
`<	To beginning of last visual selection
`>	TO end of last visual selection
mCHARACTER	Mark this cursor position as CHARACTER
`CHARACTER	Jump to the cursor position CHARACTER
'CHARACTER	Jump to the beginning of the line with position CHARACTER
d'CHARACTER	Delete from current line to line of mark CHARACTER
d`CHARACTER	Delete from current position to position of mark CHARACTER
c'CHARACTER	Change text from current line to line of CHARACTER
y`CHARACTER	Yank text from current position to position of CHARACTER
:marks	List all current marks
:delm CHARACTER	Delete mark CHARACTER
:delm a-d	Delete marks a, b, c, d
:delm abc	Delete marks a, b, c

REGISTERS

KEYMAPPING	KEYMAPPING
:reg	See all registers and their content
REGISTERp	Paste from that register
REGISTERy	Yank to that register
REGISTERd	Delete to that register

AVAILABLE REGISTERS ARE

• UNNAMED REGISTERS: "" Filled when we delete using commands or yank something
• STACK REGISTERS: "0, "1, "2, "3, "4, "5, "6, "7, "8, "9
  • "0: Used to yank by default
  • "1: Used by delete and change by default
• NAMED REGISTERS: "CHARACTER, Filled when we explicitly tell vim to use
• SYSTEM CLIPBOARD REGISTERS: "+ and "*, Have synchronization between system clipboard
• SMALL DELETE REGISTER: "-, Contain small deletions
• FILE REGISTER: "%, Contains file name
• ALTERNATE FILE REGISTER: "#, Contains alternate file name
• EXPRESSION REGISTER: "=, Stores vim expressions
• READ ONLY REGISTER:
  • ":: Stores the last command executed
  • ".: Stores last inserted text
• LAST SEARCH PATTERN REGISTER: "/, Stores last searched pattern
• BLACK HOLE REGISTER: "_, nothing happens when we write to this and nothing is returned when we read it

SAVE and EXIT

KEYMAPPING	EFFECT
:wq / :xx / ZZ	Save and quit
:wqa	Write and quit all files
:q! / ZQ	Force quit
:qa	Quit all files
:qa!	Force quit all files
:sav FILE_NAME	Save current file and start editing FILE_NAME
:w !sudo tee %	Write ot readonly file

TIPS and TRICKS

Tip

GET HELP

• :h PARTIAL_COMMAND
• :h TEXT_OBJECT
• :h KEY

Tip

COMMENT TOGGLE

• Select text in visual mode
• Then hit LEADER /

Tip

REPLAY CHANGES / REPLACE WORDS

• Search for the word/pattern
• Run change in word command ciw, write the changes ESC
• Press n
• Press . to repeat the last command and changes

Tip

SPELL CHECK

• :set spell and :set nospell

Tip

VISUAL MODE CURSOR TOGGLE

• While having selected text, press o

Tip

VERTICAL EDITING

• Enter visual block edit mode CTRL-v
• Then press I to get into insert mode
• Make changes on a single line, then escape ESC
• Now all the changes are applied to all the lines

Tip

INCREMENTAL ARRAY

• Select the text objects that have incremental objects(integer)
• Then run gCTRL-aCTRL-a
• All the first incremental objects in all the lines will be incremented