Django REST framework

Awesome web-browsable Web APIs.

Full documentation for the project is available at https://www.django-rest-framework.org/.

Overview

Django REST framework is a powerful and flexible toolkit for building Web APIs.

Some reasons you might want to use REST framework:

• The Web browsable API is a huge usability win for your developers.
• Authentication policies including optional packages for OAuth1a and OAuth2.
• Serialization that supports both ORM and non-ORM data sources.
• Customizable all the way down - just use regular function-based views if you don't need the more powerful features.
• Extensive documentation, and great community support.

There is a live example API for testing purposes, available here.

Below: Screenshot from the browsable API

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Requirements

• Python (3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10)
• Django (2.2, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 4.0)

We highly recommend and only officially support the latest patch release of each Python and Django series.

Installation

Install using pip...

pip install djangorestframework

Add 'rest_framework' to your INSTALLED_APPS setting.

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'rest_framework',
]

Example

Let's take a look at a quick example of using REST framework to build a simple model-backed API for accessing users and groups.

Startup up a new project like so...

pip install django
pip install djangorestframework
django-admin startproject example .
./manage.py migrate
./manage.py createsuperuser

Now edit the example/urls.py module in your project:

from django.urls import path, include
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from rest_framework import serializers, viewsets, routers

# Serializers define the API representation.
class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['url', 'username', 'email', 'is_staff']


# ViewSets define the view behavior.
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer


# Routers provide a way of automatically determining the URL conf.
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', UserViewSet)


# Wire up our API using automatic URL routing.
# Additionally, we include login URLs for the browsable API.
urlpatterns = [
    path('', include(router.urls)),
    path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework')),
]

We'd also like to configure a couple of settings for our API.

Add the following to your settings.py module:

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...  # Make sure to include the default installed apps here.
    'rest_framework',
]

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # Use Django's standard `django.contrib.auth` permissions,
    # or allow read-only access for unauthenticated users.
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly',
    ]
}

That's it, we're done!

./manage.py runserver

You can now open the API in your browser at http://127.0.0.1:8000/, and view your new 'users' API. If you use the Login control in the top right corner you'll also be able to add, create and delete users from the system.

You can also interact with the API using command line tools such as curl. For example, to list the users endpoint:

$ curl -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u admin:password http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/
[
    {
        "url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/1/",
        "username": "admin",
        "email": "[email protected]",
        "is_staff": true,
    }
]

Or to create a new user:

$ curl -X POST -d username=new -d [email protected] -d is_staff=false -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u admin:password http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/
{
    "url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/2/",
    "username": "new",
    "email": "[email protected]",
    "is_staff": false,
}

Documentation & Support

Full documentation for the project is available at https://www.django-rest-framework.org/.

For questions and support, use the REST framework discussion group, or #restframework on libera.chat IRC.

You may also want to follow the author on Twitter.

Security

Please see the [security policy][security-policy].