My-Arduino-UNO-Design

Contents and Overview

During this project, I deepened and honed my knowledge about Altium Designer (Version 20.0.10) software and how to do professional PCB design. Altium Designer is a professional software used to design all kinds of boards, from very simple ones to motherboards or servers. It is one of the most used software for electronic design.

I started with Arduino Uno reference schematic. I learned how to re-draw the schematic, modify it, I learned how to improve it and how to do PCB layout. and by the end of the project, I learned what documents are necessary to manufacture the board and how to create them.

during this project, I learned how :

• Draw schematic, including tips for component selection and important circuits
• Create components, draw schematic symbols and footprints
• Place components into your PCB
• Route PCB and useful tips about layout
• Create a 3D model of your board
• Create board variants with different components fitted / not fitted
• Create Bill of Material (BOM)
• Create assembly drawings showing the position of components on the board
• Generate Gerbers, Pick and Place, Drill file, and other files needed for manufacturing
• Prepare professional documents needed to manufacture your PCB and assemble your board

Summary of my project

table of contents

I. Creating my own libraries (schematics, footprints and adding a 3D model to each component)

II. Components placement

III. Layer's stackup

IV. PCB Layout & Routing

V. Gerber files, mechanical and assembly drawing

VI. 3D model

VII. VII. Electromagnetic and Signal Integrity (SI) analysis and current density plot with ANSYS SIwave

I. Creating my own libraries (schematics, footprints and adding a 3D model to each component)

1 - Designing my first component : the ATMEGA16U2-AU

Drawing the schematic and generating the footprint in my own using the Altium tool "footprint wizard". P.S: footprint's dimensions are taken from the component datasheet :

2 - Designing the second component : the ATMEGA328P-PU

3 - Designing the female header 1 row x 10 positions (pins)

4 - Designing the female header 1 row x 8 positions (pins)

5 - Designing the female header 1 row x 6 positions (pins)

5 - Designing the 100nF capacitor

6 - Sesigning the 10uF capacitor with 1.45mm height

7 - Designing the 1M resistor

8 - Designing the 16Mhz crystal

9 - Designing the Micro USB

10 - Designing the 100uf aluminum clectrolytic Capacitor

11 - Designing the linear regulator 3.3V 1.5A

12 - Designing the AND gate

13 - Designing the Button

14 - Designing the LED

15 - Designing the male header 2 rows x 3 positions (pins)

16 - Designing the male header 2 x 2

17 - Designing the male header 1 x 3

18 - Successful compilation of the project's schematics

II. Components placement

19 - Starting the placement of some components on the board

20 - Placement of half of the components

By taking advantage of the altium's features cross probe and components cross selection, i could select components from shematic sheet and at the same time they are selected in the PCB sheet, which make it easier to put couplage capacitors as close as possible to their power pins

21 - Placement of the components is complete

III. Layer's stackup

22 - Layer's stackup in 3D

standard dielectric thickness : 1.6mm

IV. PCB Layout & Routing

23 - Starting to route long tracks

24 - Routing some long tracks through 2 layers

using vias to go from one layer to onother, I call this the "ping pong" routing

25 - Routing 2 tracks through 2 layers (some imporvements are made)

26 - Finished routing long connections, short connections and Power connections (Power connections are highlighted in the picture)

27 - Finished routing all the connections on the board and debugging and fixing all violations errors one by one

28 - All rule violations are fixed and the board is validated with 0 errors

29 - Drawing the power and the ground planes on the bottom layer

30 - DRC check with 0 errors after improving layout and finishing drawing power and ground planes

31 - PCB layout after doing some improvements and drawing all the power and ground planes

32 - Bottom overlay

33 - Last compile after completing the layout

34 - Last design rule check after finishing the layout

V. Gerber files, mechanical and assembly drawing

35 - Gerber top layer

36 - Gerber bottom layer

37 - Gerber top overlay

38 - Gerber bottom overlay

39 - Gerber mechanical drawing

40 - Generated PDF mechanical drawing

41 - Generated PDF of the assembly drawing variant fixed 5V

42 - Generated PDF of the assembly drawing variant 5V 3V3

43 - Generated PDF of the assembly top view fixed 5V

44 - Generated PDF of the assembly top view 5V 3V3

VI. 3D model

45 - 3D model of my board in Altium Designer

VII. Electromagnetic and Signal Integrity (SI) analysis and current density plot with ANSYS SIwave

46 - Current density analysis using ANSYS SIwave

using the advanced simulation software especially designed for PCBs, i could do a current density analysis and generate an easy-to-understand plot

47 - Far end crosstalk analysis between traces

48 - Near end crosstalk violations and warnings

49 - Trace impedance analysis

trace impedance analysis, some improvements and fixes must be done