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Polymorphism
Jai’s primary polymorphism mechanism is at the function level and is best described with an example.
sum :: (a: $T, b: T) -> T {
return a + b;
}
f1: float = 1;
f2: float = 2;
f3 := sum(f1, f2);
i1: int = 1;
i2: int = 2;
i3 := sum(i1, i2);
x := sum(f1, i1);
print("% % %\n", f3, i3, x); // Output is "3.000000 3 2.000000"
When sum()
is called, the type is determined by the T
which is preceded by the $
symbol. In this case, $
precedes the a
variable, and so the type T
is determined by the first parameter. So, the first call to sum()
is float + float, and the second call is int + int. In the third call, since the first parameter is float, both parameters and the return value become float. The second parameter is converted from int to float, and the variable x
is deduced to be float as well.
THE ANY TYPE
Jai has a type called Any
, which any other type can be implicitly casted to. Example:
print_any :: (a: Any) {
if a.type.type == Type_Info_Tag.FLOAT
print("a is a float\n");
else if a.type.type == Type_Info_Tag.INT
print("a is an int\n");
}
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- Variables and assignments
- Language data types
- Simple user-defined data types
- Expressions and operators
- Type-casting
- Pointers
- Declarations
- Arguments / Parameters
- Return values
- Overloading / Polymorhism
- Advanced features
- Lambdas
- Arrays
- Strings
- Composition of Structs
- Metaprogramming
- Templates / Generics