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Replicate Data Using Data Migration
Use the Data Migration tool to replicate the full data and the incremental data.
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Replicate Data Using Data Migration

This guide shows how to replicate data using the Data Migration (DM) tool.

Step 1: Deploy the DM cluster

It is recommended to deploy the DM cluster using DM-Ansible. For detailed deployment, see Deploy Data Migration Using DM-Ansible.

You can also deploy the DM cluster using binary for trial or test. For detailed deployment, see Deploy Data Migration Cluster Using DM Binary.

Note:

  • For database passwords in all the DM configuration files, use the passwords encrypted by dmctl. If a database password is empty, it is unnecessary to encrypt it. See Encrypt the upstream MySQL user password using dmctl.
  • The user of the upstream and downstream databases must have the corresponding read and write privileges.

Step 2: Check the cluster information

After the DM cluster is deployed using DM-Ansible, the configuration information is like what is listed below.

  • The configuration information of related components in the DM cluster:

    Component Host Port
    dm_worker1 172.16.10.72 8262
    dm_worker2 172.16.10.73 8262
    dm_master 172.16.10.71 8261

  • The information of upstream and downstream database instances:

    Database instance Host Port Username Encrypted password
    Upstream MySQL-1 172.16.10.81 3306 root VjX8cEeTX+qcvZ3bPaO4h0C80pe/1aU=
    Upstream MySQL-2 172.16.10.82 3306 root VjX8cEeTX+qcvZ3bPaO4h0C80pe/1aU=
    Downstream TiDB 172.16.10.83 4000 root

  • The configuration in the DM-master process configuration file {ansible deploy}/conf/dm-master.toml:

    # Master configuration.

[[deploy]]
source-id = "mysql-replica-01"
dm-worker = "172.16.10.72:8262"

[[deploy]]
source-id = "mysql-replica-02"
dm-worker = "172.16.10.73:8262"

    Note:

    The {ansible deploy} in {ansible deploy}/conf/dm-master.toml indicates the directory where DM-Ansible is deployed. It is the directory configured in the deploy_dir parameter.

Step 3: Configure the data replication task

The following example assumes that you need to replicate all the test_table table data in the test_db database of both the upstream MySQL-1 and MySQL-2 instances, to the downstream test_table table in the test_db database of TiDB, in the full data plus incremental data mode.

Copy the {ansible deploy}/conf/task.yaml.example file and edit it to generate the task.yaml task configuration file as below:

# The task name. You need to use a different name for each of the multiple tasks that
# run simultaneously.
name: "test"
# The full data plus incremental data (all) replication mode.
task-mode: "all"
# The downstream TiDB configuration information.
target-database:
  host: "172.16.10.83"
  port: 4000
  user: "root"
  password: ""

# Configuration of all the upstream MySQL instances required by the current data replication task.
mysql-instances:
-
  # The ID of upstream instances or the replication group. You can refer to the configuration of `source_id` in the "inventory.ini" file or in the "dm-master.toml" file.
  source-id: "mysql-replica-01"
  # The configuration item name of the black and white lists of the name of the
  # database/table to be replicated, used to quote the global black and white
  # lists configuration that is set in the global black-white-list below.
  black-white-list: "global"
  # The configuration item name of Mydumper, used to quote the global Mydumper configuration.
  mydumper-config-name: "global"

-
  source-id: "mysql-replica-02"
  black-white-list: "global"
  mydumper-config-name: "global"

# The global configuration of black and white lists. Each instance can quote it by the
# configuration item name.
black-white-list:
  global:
    do-tables:                        # The white list of upstream tables to be replicated.
    - db-name: "test_db"              # The database name of the table to be replicated.
      tbl-name: "test_table"          # The name of the table to be replicated.

# Mydumper global configuration. Each instance can quote it by the configuration item name.
mydumpers:
  global:
    extra-args: "-B test_db -T test_table"  # The extra Mydumper argument. Since DM 1.0.2, DM automatically generates the "--tables-list" configuration. For versions earlier than 1.0.2, you need to configure this option manually.

Step 4: Start the data replication task

To detect possible errors of data replication configuration in advance, DM provides the precheck feature:

  • DM automatically checks the corresponding privileges and configuration while starting the data replication task.
  • You can also use the check-task command to manually precheck whether the upstream MySQL instance configuration satisfies the DM requirements.

For details about the precheck feature, see Precheck the upstream MySQL instance configuration.

Note:

Before starting the data replication task for the first time, you should have got the upstream configured. Otherwise, an error is reported while you start the task.

  1. Come to the dmctl directory /home/tidb/dm-ansible/resources/bin/.

  2. Run the following command to start dmctl.

    ./dmctl --master-addr 172.16.10.71:8261

  3. Run the following command to start the data replication tasks.

    # `task.yaml` is the configuration file that is edited above.
start-task ./task.yaml

    • If the above command returns the following result, it indicates the task is successfully started.

      {
    "result": true,
    "msg": "",
    "workers": [
        {
            "result": true,
            "worker": "172.16.10.72:8262",
            "msg": ""
        },
        {
            "result": true,
            "worker": "172.16.10.73:8262",
            "msg": ""
        }
    ]
}

    • If you fail to start the data replication task, modify the configuration according to the returned prompt and then run the start-task task.yaml command to restart the task.

Step 5: Check the data replication task

If you need to check the task state or whether a certain data replication task is running in the DM cluster, run the following command in dmctl:

query-status

Step 6: Stop the data replication task

If you do not need to replicate data any more, run the following command in dmctl to stop the task:

# `test` is the task name that you set in the `name` configuration item of
# the `task.yaml` configuration file.
stop-task test

Step 7: Monitor the task and check logs

Assuming that Prometheus and Grafana are successfully deployed along with the DM cluster deployment using DM-Ansible, and the Grafana address is 172.16.10.71, you can open http://172.16.10.71:3000 in a browser, choose the DM dashboard to check the related monitoring metrics.

While the DM cluster is running, DM-master, DM-worker, and dmctl output the monitoring metrics information through logs. The log directory of each component is as follows:

  • DM-master log directory: It is specified by the --log-file DM-master process parameter. If DM is deployed using DM-Ansible, the log directory is {ansible deploy}/log/dm-master.log in the DM-master node.
  • DM-worker log directory: It is specified by the --log-file DM-worker process parameter. If DM is deployed using DM-Ansible, the log directory is {ansible deploy}/log/dm-worker.log in the DM-worker node.
  • dmctl log directory: It is the same as the binary directory of dmctl.