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DIVA2GTFS

This is an experimental suite used to import DIVA data structures and parse it into GTFS. It is currently neither well designed nor particularly user-friendly, but it gets the job done, somehow.

Prerequisites

I recommend running the scripts in a GNU/Linux environment. It might be possible to use this suite in MS-Windows, but I would not know how to perform the necessary coordinate transformations :(

You will need:

  • perl
  • proj (for the cs2cs coordinate transformation tool)
  • sqlite3 (or another database of your choice)
$ apt-get install perl proj sqlite3 (for debian based distributions)

Additionally, the following Perl modules are necessary:

  • DBI
  • DateTime
  • Date::Holidays::DE (for taking care of German holidays)
  • DateTime::Format::Strptime
  • Getopt::Long
  • File::Path
$ perl -MCPAN -e shell
cpan[n]> install DBI
cpan[n]> install DateTime
cpan[n]> install Date::Holidays::DE (or Date::Holidays::AT)
cpan[n]> install DateTime::Format::Strptime
cpan[n]> install File::Path

If you do not have installation privileges on your machine, you might want to use local::lib. http://jjnapiorkowski.typepad.com/modern-perl/2010/02/bootstrapping-locallib.html describes a one-step-solution how to do it; the necessary script can be found at https://github.com/jjn1056/bootstrap-locallib.pl

Quick start

If you do not need to fine-tune your data and just want to get out a GTFS file from your DIVA data you can use the all.sh script. To run it just pass in the path to your diva data and the name of your agency:

./all.sh ~/documents/diva/myAgency myAgency

After some computation times you can find your data as GTFS-file in the folder ./build/gtfs/myAgency and ./build/gtfs/myAgency.zip.

Detailed Usage

Step 1: Setting up the databases

initdb will take care of setting up the sqlite databases. Just run ./initdb.pl --create all to create both DIVA and GTFS databases: build/data/divadata.db and build/data/diva2gtfs.db

Usage: ./initdb command <options>
Command:
	--create # creates tables, if not already existing
	--drop # drops tables if existing
	--clear  # drops tables and rebuild them
Options:
	all -- all of the DIVA and GTFS tables
	diva -- all of the DIVA tables
	divalnrlit -- DIVA tables pointing to route definition files
	divaservice -- DIVA tables concerning service restrictions
	divastops -- DIVA stop definition
	gtfs -- all GTFS tables (includes tables not accessed by the gtfs options above)
	gtfscalendar -- GTFS calendar and calendar_dates tables
	gtfsruns -- GTFS trips, routes and stop_times tables
	gtfsstops -- GTFS stop table

Step 2: Load DIVA data into database

loaddiva.pl will stupidly parse any DIVA file you give it as a command-line argument, parse it for tabular content and insert it into the pre-defined DIVA database. If a table is not defined, this will fail spectacularly.

Please provide loaddiva with all stop definition (haltestellen.\* but not haltestellen.format32.\*), service restriction (vbesch.\*), agencies descriptions (bzw), guaranteed transfers (anschlb.\*) and route tables (lnrlit) and let it churn through them.

Step 3: Convert DIVA tables to GTFS

./agencies2gtfs.pl
./stops2gtfs.pl
./service2gtfs.pl

All three scripts will go through the DIVA tables and transform their content into GTFS format. Agencies can be filled with additional information using the parameter "set":

./agencies2gtfs.pl --set agency_url="http://www.meinVerkehrsbetrieb.de" --set agency_phone=00491234567

For the coordinate transformation, cs2cs from proj(1) is needed. Currently, only a subset of coordinate reference systems (specified in the column plan in the DIVA tables) will be converted:

Keyword Ellipsoid CRS Offset
MVTT Bessel 1841 Gauss-Krüger Zone 2 6 160 100
NAV2 Bessel 1841 Gauss-Krüger Zone 2 6 160 100
NAV3 Bessel 1841 Gauss-Krüger Zone 3 6 160 100
NAV4 Bessel 1841 Gauss-Krüger Zone 4 6 160 100
NAV5 Bessel 1841 Gauss-Krüger Zone 5 6 160 100
NBWT Bessel 1841 Gauss-Krüger Zone 3 6 160 100
STVH Bessel 1841 ÖBMN M34 1 000 000
VVTT Bessel 1841 ÖBMN M28 1 000 000

Support for other CRS (e.g. GIP1, TFLV, ITMR, MTCV, GDAV) still needs to be implemented... sometimes... by someone (pull requests are appreciated). See Appendix A.2.2 for details.

Step 4: Load route files

After everything has been prepared, the magic can happen. The file mapping_route_types.txt can be extended by DIVA route types, so that they are correctly in the resulting GTFS file. After checking the mappings call

./diva2gtfs.pl --path </path/to/diva/basedirectory/>

If the lnrlit table was correctly populated, everything should happen automagically. Or not. I am lacking test cases, so far.

Step 5: Fine-tuning the data

Optionally, you can now use the guaranteed transfers data out of the DIVA anschlb table to update your trips table:

./transfers2gtfs.pl

Also, you might want to import Shapes from your friendly EFA. This is possible through ./efaShapeExporter.pl, which is currently hardcoded to the DING EFA. Messy coding, again, sorry.

Finally: Output GTFS data

Run the following command:

./export.sh <agencyName>

Further reading

This script was created alongside Stefans diploma thesis, Opening Public Transit Data in Germany – A Status Quo, which includes more detailed information on the DIVA data format. However, this is nothing more than the result of reverse engineering the format – without any guarantees as to completeness and/or accuracy. Niko expanded on the features and some shortcomings of the implementation during his dissertation.

Contact the author(s)

Reach Stefan via Twitter (@_stk), or E-Mail transit at shutterworks dot org. Further ramblings on public transit and open data (mostly in German) on Stefans blog. More Open Data tinkerers and their projects can be found on UlmAPI, the home of Ulm's datalove working group.

Reach Niko by E-Mail niko at krismer dot de or directly via Github.