itsy-bitsy.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3

from Crypto.Random.random import randint

def str_to_bits(s):
    bit_str = ''
    for c in s:
        i = ord(c)
        bit_str += bin(i)[2:]
    return bit_str

def recv_input():
    i = input('Enter an integer i such that i > 0: ')
    j = input('Enter an integer j such that j > i > 0: ')
    try:
        i = int(i)
        j = int(j)
        if i <= 0 or j <= i:
            raise Exception
    except:
        print('Error! You must adhere to the restrictions!')
        exit()
    return i,j

def generate_random_bits(lower_bound, upper_bound, number_of_bits):
    bit_str = ''
    while len(bit_str) < number_of_bits:
        r = randint(lower_bound, upper_bound)
        bit_str += bin(r)[2:]
    return bit_str[:number_of_bits]

def bit_str_xor(bit_str_1, bit_str_2):
    xor_res = ''
    for i in range(len(bit_str_1)):
        bit_1 = bit_str_1[i]
        bit_2 = bit_str_2[i]
        xor_res += str(int(bit_1) ^ int(bit_2))
    return xor_res

def main():
    with open('flag.txt','r') as f:
        flag = f.read()
    for c in flag:
        i = ord(c)
        assert i in range(2**6,2**7)
    flag_bits = str_to_bits(flag)
    i,j = recv_input()
    lb = 2**i
    ub = 2**j - 1
    n = len(flag_bits)
    random_bits = generate_random_bits(lb,ub,n)
    encrypted_bits = bit_str_xor(flag_bits,random_bits)
    print(f'Ciphertext: {encrypted_bits}')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()