To compare two branches:
git diff master..develop
To show all commits in develop that aren't in master:
git log develop ^master --no-merges
To diff by date:
git log 'master@{3 days ago}' master
git log 'master@{3 days ago}' master -- path/to/file
To see an old version of something:
git show HEAD~1:path/to/file
Here ~1 means "1 revision before HEAD"
To find the commit in which you removed an object:
git log -n 1 -- <filename>
To get it back:
git checkout <commit>^ <filename>
To use git blame but only show changes prior to an old commit:
git blame <commit>^ -- <filename>
To see everything on a remote repository:
git remote show origin
To enable access to new remote branches, you might have to do this:
git fetch origin
To create a local branch based on a remote branch:
git checkout -b <branch> origin/<branch>
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1783405/git-checkout-remote-branch
To set a local branch to track a remote branch:
git branch --set-upstream foo origin/foo
To make a bare repo you can push to via ssh:
git init --bare .
To erase the last commit without altering your index or checkout:
git reset --soft HEAD~1
To reset your checkout to origin:
git fetch origin && git reset --hard origin/valid-time # whatever branch you want to copy from
To run git with a different ssh key:
ssh-agent bash -c 'git add <private-key>; git <cmd>'
or even better (especially if you have multiple Github/Bitbucket accounts):
git config core.sshCommand "ssh -i ~/.ssh/foo -F /dev/null"
To skip whitespace-only changes, use the -w option.
To ask about specific lines, use -L:
git blame -L10,+5 -- path/to/file
That will show only information about line 10 and the next 5 lines.
To get the second-to-last change (or third-to-last, etc.), ask git to run blame as of the commit right before the one you want to skip:
git blame 123abc^ -- path/to/file
where 123abc is the commit that later changed those lines.
It is probably useful to combine this with -L:
git blame -L 10,+5 123abc^ -- path/to/file
Credits: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5098256/git-blame-prior-commits
If the previous commits changed (e.g. because your are stacking PRs), you can rebase just the last n commits with --onto:
git checkout temporal-fks-2
git rebase --onto multirange f0a4f8475
or in one line:
git rebase --onto multirange f0a4f8475 temporal-fks-2
That means "take everything from f0a4f8475 (but not including it) to temporal-fks-2, and rebase it onto multirange.