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packagemanagement.md

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Package Management / Software

There are various package managers which are different between distributions.

RedHat/CentOS/Rocky/SUSE

These use rpm (Red-Hat Package Manager).

rpm -i package                                              # to install software
rpm -q package                                              # to see if the software package is installed
rpm -qa                                                     # to list ALL software installed
rpm -qa --changelog package                                 # to search the changelog of the package 
rpm -qa --changelog openssh-server  | grep  CVE-2015-5600   # search the changelog of openssh-server for the vulnerability (to check it's patched)
rpm -U package                                              # Upgrades a package
rpm -e packages                                             # removes a package

However, RPM is notorious for having dependency issues when installing via rpm so instead there's wrappers around these that are more commonly used now

RedHat/CentOS/Rocky

These use yum to manage the software packages.

yum install package
yum update
yum remove package

dnf is another package manager used in RH and derivatives that is newer and becoming the norm.

dnf install package
dnf remove package
dnf update
dnf upgrade

SUSE

SUSE uses rpms, but to install you usually use zypper

zypper in package
zypper up package
zypper up

Here are a couple of cheat sheets. Cheat Sheet 1 Cheat Sheet 2

Debian and Ubuntu derivatives

Debian and derivatives, like Ubuntu, Linux Mint, etc all use apt-get, and now apt to install 'deb' packages. This makes it easier than using dpkg which is still the more powerful of the 3 debian package installers.

dpkg -i package                                             # to install software 
apt-get install package                                     # to install software 
apt install package                                         # to install software 
apt-get update                                              # to update the data on the package repositories
apt update                                                  # to update the data on the package repositories
apt-get upgrade                                             # to upgrade the packages on the system
apt upgrade                                                 # to upgrade the packages on the system

Others

There are other distributions, like Arch (and derivatives) which use AUR and Pacman, Gentoo uses portage, and then there's pkg in Alpine (which is used in docker containers), etc... Just too many. I've only included RH/SUSE/Debian as these are the most used distributions in commercial and production settings.