proc_cgroup.go

// Copyright 2020 The Prometheus Authors
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package procfs

import (
	"bufio"
	"bytes"
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
	"strings"

	"github.com/prometheus/procfs/internal/util"
)

// Cgroup models one line from /proc/[pid]/cgroup. Each Cgroup struct describes the placement of a PID inside a
// specific control hierarchy. The kernel has two cgroup APIs, v1 and v2. v1 has one hierarchy per available resource
// controller, while v2 has one unified hierarchy shared by all controllers. Regardless of v1 or v2, all hierarchies
// contain all running processes, so the question answerable with a Cgroup struct is 'where is this process in
// this hierarchy' (where==what path on the specific cgroupfs). By prefixing this path with the mount point of
// *this specific* hierarchy, you can locate the relevant pseudo-files needed to read/set the data for this PID
// in this hierarchy
//
// Also see http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/cgroups.7.html
type Cgroup struct {
	// HierarchyID that can be matched to a named hierarchy using /proc/cgroups. Cgroups V2 only has one
	// hierarchy, so HierarchyID is always 0. For cgroups v1 this is a unique ID number
	HierarchyID int
	// Controllers using this hierarchy of processes. Controllers are also known as subsystems. For
	// Cgroups V2 this may be empty, as all active controllers use the same hierarchy
	Controllers []string
	// Path of this control group, relative to the mount point of the cgroupfs representing this specific
	// hierarchy
	Path string
}

// parseCgroupString parses each line of the /proc/[pid]/cgroup file
// Line format is hierarchyID:[controller1,controller2]:path.
func parseCgroupString(cgroupStr string) (*Cgroup, error) {
	var err error

	fields := strings.SplitN(cgroupStr, ":", 3)
	if len(fields) < 3 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: 3+ fields required, found %d fields in cgroup string: %s", ErrFileParse, len(fields), cgroupStr)
	}

	cgroup := &Cgroup{
		Path:        fields[2],
		Controllers: nil,
	}
	cgroup.HierarchyID, err = strconv.Atoi(fields[0])
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: hierarchy ID: %q", ErrFileParse, cgroup.HierarchyID)
	}
	if fields[1] != "" {
		ssNames := strings.Split(fields[1], ",")
		cgroup.Controllers = append(cgroup.Controllers, ssNames...)
	}
	return cgroup, nil
}

// parseCgroups reads each line of the /proc/[pid]/cgroup file.
func parseCgroups(data []byte) ([]Cgroup, error) {
	var cgroups []Cgroup
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(bytes.NewReader(data))
	for scanner.Scan() {
		mountString := scanner.Text()
		parsedMounts, err := parseCgroupString(mountString)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		cgroups = append(cgroups, *parsedMounts)
	}

	err := scanner.Err()
	return cgroups, err
}

// Cgroups reads from /proc/<pid>/cgroups and returns a []*Cgroup struct locating this PID in each process
// control hierarchy running on this system. On every system (v1 and v2), all hierarchies contain all processes,
// so the len of the returned struct is equal to the number of active hierarchies on this system.
func (p Proc) Cgroups() ([]Cgroup, error) {
	data, err := util.ReadFileNoStat(p.path("cgroup"))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return parseCgroups(data)
}