util-linux package.
There is also a liblkid package in Ubuntu which offers functions like disk detection.
Get UUID, label and filesystem type for all partitions:
sudo blkid
Sample output:
/dev/sda2: LABEL="DATA" UUID="E4EEDB25EEDAEF34" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="ESP" UUID="9E91-F4F8" TYPE="vfat"
/dev/sdb2: LABEL="DIAGS" UUID="ECC5-8CEC" TYPE="vfat"
/dev/sdb4: LABEL="WINRETOOLS" UUID="0058C6EB58C6DE92" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb5: LABEL="OS" UUID="4C38CCBD38CCA6F4" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb6: LABEL="PBR Image" UUID="C2CE5FDBCE5FC677" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb7: UUID="3fabbe75-0c62-4705-a3ad-4e87c5dcc143" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb8: UUID="56886cc6-e247-488a-9acf-a07a99cfa3ca" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb9: UUID="bbc2c9bf-4846-44d1-81c0-eade6d2dcefb" TYPE="swap"
Can also be used to identify files that contain filesystems, e.g.:
blkid ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
outputs:
ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso: LABEL="Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS amd64" TYPE="iso9660"
If it cannot be identified, it prints nothing and returns 4.