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<meta name="description" content="I wrote a email predictor recently which Given the following sample dataset: 1
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{ "John Ferguson" => "john.ferguson@ …">
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<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="/blog/2014/05/28/email-predictor/">Email Predictor</a></h1>
<p class="meta">
<time datetime="2014-05-28T10:13:51-07:00" pubdate data-updated="true">May 28<span>th</span>, 2014</time>
| <a href="/blog/2014/05/28/email-predictor/#disqus_thread"
data-disqus-identifier="http://haozeng.github.io/blog/2014/05/28/email-predictor/">Comments</a>
</p>
</header>
<div class="entry-content"><p>I wrote a email predictor recently which Given the following sample dataset:</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
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<span class='line-number'>8</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='ruby'><span class='line'><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"John Ferguson"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Damon Aw"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Linda Li"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Larry Page"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Sergey Brin"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Steve Jobs"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="p">}</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>It will Predict the email addresses for the following advisors:</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='ruby'><span class='line'><span class="s2">"Peter Wong"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"alphasights.com"</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s2">"Craig Silverstein"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"google.com"</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s2">"Steve Wozniak"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"apple.com"</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s2">"Barack Obama"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"whitehouse.gov"</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>The solution is designed to be object-oriented, and it composes three parts: Pattern, Analyzer and Predictor.</p>
<p>A Pattern handles all business logic related with first_name and last_name in this case.
Its responsibility is solely designed to fulfill the purpose of looking for/predictoring patterns based on first_name and last_name.
In our case, there are four cases, which are first_name_dot_last_name, first_name_dot_last_initial, first_initial_dot_last_initial, first_initial_dot_last_name.</p>
<p>A Analyzer should be created with a raw dataset and a pattern,
and based on instructions defined in patterns, analyzer generate dataset which can be used for further prediction process.</p>
<p>A Predictor should be created with a dataset and a pattern, and its ‘#formulate’ method will take a name and company as input,
and based on exisiting pattern which is processed and stored in dataset, it will predict email addresses for the given name and company.</p>
<p>The philosiphy behind this can be interpreted in this way:
Pattern can easily be replaced with other patterns or a pattern can easily to modifed to accept more business logic based on other attributes.
Analyzer should only care about its given pattern and its given raw data, and generate a dataset.
Predictor should only caret about its given pattern and its given dataset.
Analyzer and Predictor should not know each other.</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
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</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='ruby'><span class='line'><span class="nb">require</span> <span class="s1">'pry'</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">require</span> <span class="s1">'pp'</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Pattern</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="kp">attr_reader</span> <span class="ss">:first_name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:last_name</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@first_name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="vi">@last_name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">name</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sr">/[.|\s{1}]/</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">find</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="o">[</span><span class="n">first_part</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">last_part</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'_dot_'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to_sym</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">predict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="sx">%w(first_initial first_name last_initial last_name)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">inject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">do</span> <span class="o">|</span><span class="n">memo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">params</span><span class="o">|</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">memo</span> <span class="o"><<</span> <span class="nb">send</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">params</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to_s</span> <span class="o">=~</span> <span class="sr">/</span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="n">params</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sr">/</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">memo</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="kp">private</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">first_initial</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@first_name</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">last_initial</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@last_name</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">first_part</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@first_name</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s1">'first_initial'</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'first_name'</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">last_part</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@last_name</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="s1">'last_initial'</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'last_name'</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Analyzer</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="kp">attr_reader</span> <span class="ss">:dataset</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:pattern</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">initialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@dataset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@pattern</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">attributes</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:pattern</span><span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">process</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">raw_data</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">raw_data</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span> <span class="k">do</span> <span class="o">|</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">email_address</span><span class="o">|</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">email</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">email_address</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'@'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="vi">@pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@dataset</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">||=</span> <span class="o">[]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@dataset</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="o"><<</span> <span class="n">pattern</span> <span class="k">unless</span> <span class="vi">@dataset</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">include?</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Predictor</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="kp">attr_reader</span> <span class="ss">:pattern</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:dataset</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">initialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@dataset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">attributes</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:dataset</span><span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@pattern</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">attributes</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:pattern</span><span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">formulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">attributes</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:name</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">downcase</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">email</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">attributes</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:email</span><span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s2">"There is no matching in dataset for </span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:name</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"> working for </span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="vi">@dataset</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">nil?</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@dataset</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">map</span> <span class="k">do</span> <span class="o">|</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">|</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">predict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">"@</span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># Instructions to run:</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">raw</span> <span class="o">=</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="p">{</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"John Ferguson"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Damon Aw"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Linda Li"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Larry Page"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Sergey Brin"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Steve Jobs"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># Create a analyzer object and give it a pattern</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">analyzer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">pattern</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="no">Pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># Analyze the given dataset</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">process</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">raw</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># Create a predictor object and give it a dataset and a pattern</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">predictor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">dataset</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dataset</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">pattern</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="no">Pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># Formulate potential patterns for given name and email</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">pp</span> <span class="n">predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">formulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'Criag Silverstein'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'google.com'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">pp</span> <span class="n">predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">formulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'Peter Wong'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'alphasights.com'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">pp</span> <span class="n">predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">formulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'Steve Wozniak'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'apple.com'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">pp</span> <span class="n">predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">formulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'Barack Obama'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'whitehouse.gov'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>Specs</p>
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</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='ruby'><span class='line'><span class="c1"># Instruction to run test:</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># rspec -fd email_predictor_spec.rb</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">require</span> <span class="s1">'./email_predictor'</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">describe</span> <span class="no">Pattern</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">let</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:pattern</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="no">Pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should respond to first name'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">respond_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_name</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should respond to last name'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">respond_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:last_name</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">describe</span> <span class="s1">'#split'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should split name into first_name and last_name if name is separted by white space'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'John Ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first_name</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'John'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">last_name</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should split name into first_name and last_name if name is separted by .'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'steve.jobs'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first_name</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'steve'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">last_name</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'jobs'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">describe</span> <span class="s1">'#find'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should generate pattern if first and last are full'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'john.ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_name</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should generate pattern if first is initial and last is full'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'j.ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_initial_dot_last_name</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should generate pattern if first is full and last are initial'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'john.f'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_initial</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should generate pattern if both are initial'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'j.f'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_initial_dot_last_initial</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">describe</span> <span class="s1">'#predict'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should be able to predict for first_name_dot_last_name'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'john ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">predict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_name</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'john.ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should be able to predict for first_initial_dot_last_name'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'john ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">predict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_initial_dot_last_name</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'j.ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should be able to predict for first_name_dot_last_initial'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'john ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">predict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_initial</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'john.f'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should be able to predict for first_initial_dot_last_initial'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'john ferguson'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">predict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_initial_dot_last_initial</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'j.f'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">describe</span> <span class="no">Analyzer</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">let</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:pattern</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="no">Pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">let</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:analyzer</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="no">Analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span> <span class="ss">pattern</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pattern</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should respond to dataset'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">respond_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:dataset</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should use hash as dataset'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dataset</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">be_a</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="no">Hash</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should respond to raw data'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">respond_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:pattern</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">describe</span> <span class="s1">'#process'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">let</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:raw</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"John Ferguson"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should use pattern to split name and find pattern'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:split</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:find</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">and_return</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_name</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">process</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">raw</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should be able to process data based on given rule'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">process</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">raw</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dataset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dataset</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'alphasights.com'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_name</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">let</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:multiple</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="p">{</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"John Ferguson"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Damon Aw"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Linda Li"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s2">"Larry Page"</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s2">"[email protected]"</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should be albe to process data for multiple companies'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">process</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">multiple</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dataset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">analyzer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dataset</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'alphasights.com'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_name</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s1">'google.com'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_initial</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">describe</span> <span class="no">Predictor</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">let</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:pattern</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="no">Pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">let</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:predictor</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="no">Predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span> <span class="ss">pattern</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pattern</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should respond to dataset'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">predictor</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">respond_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:dataset</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should respond to pattern'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">predictor</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">respond_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:pattern</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">describe</span> <span class="s1">'#formulate'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should not formulate a email address if company is not given in the dataest'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">predictor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span> <span class="ss">pattern</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">dataset</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">attributes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'Barack Obama'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'whitehouse.gov'</span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">response</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">formulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">response</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"There is no matching in dataset for </span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:name</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"> working for </span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:email</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should use pattern to split name and predict email'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">predictor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span> <span class="ss">pattern</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">dataset</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s1">'alphasights.com'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_name</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">attributes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'Peter Wong'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'alphasights.com'</span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:split</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">and_return</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kp">true</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ss">:predict</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">and_return</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'peter.wong'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">formulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should predict email address based if one pattern exist'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">predictor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span> <span class="ss">pattern</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">dataset</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s1">'alphasights.com'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_name</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">attributes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'Peter Wong'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'alphasights.com'</span><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">response</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">formulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">response</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">eql</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="s1">'[email protected]'</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">it</span> <span class="s1">'should predict email address based if multiple patterns exist'</span> <span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">predictor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span> <span class="ss">pattern</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pattern</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">dataset</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s1">'google.com'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:first_name_dot_last_initial</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:first_initial_dot_last_name</span><span class="o">]</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">attributes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nb">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'Criag Silverstein'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'google.com'</span> <span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">response</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">predictor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">formulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">response</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span> <span class="n">match_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="s1">'[email protected]'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'[email protected]'</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
</div>
</article>
<article>
<header>
<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="/blog/2014/03/23/test/">Extract Values From Javascript Nested Object</a></h1>
<p class="meta">
<time datetime="2014-03-23T11:00:09-07:00" pubdate data-updated="true">Mar 23<span>rd</span>, 2014</time>
| <a href="/blog/2014/03/23/test/#disqus_thread"
data-disqus-identifier="http://haozeng.github.io/blog/2014/03/23/test/">Comments</a>
</p>
</header>
<div class="entry-content"><p>Underscore doesn’t support search and find nested value in a nested javascript object,
So I went ahead and built a version for that:</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
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</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='coffeescript'><span class='line'><span class="c1"># This helper is served to relieve the efforts of building up external formatted object through</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># nested object which we retrieve from mongoDB or http params</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># Usage:</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># SampleData =</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># token: '1234',</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># user:</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># token: '4321'</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># contact:</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># address:</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># city: 'Emeryville'</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># state: 'CA'</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># zip_code: '51421'</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># All we need to do is</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># Helper.DataPicker(SampleData, 'token', 'user.token', 'city')</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># For nested key with the duplicated names, we need to nest the top parents nodes as well.</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c1"># For example 'user.token'</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">_ = </span><span class="nx">require</span> <span class="s">'underscore'</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">DataPicker = </span><span class="nf">(data, attributes...) -></span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">result = </span><span class="p">{}</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c1"># Loop through each pair of data and find the matching attributes</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">each</span> <span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nf">(value, key, list) -></span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">contains</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">attributes</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">and</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isObject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">or</span> <span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">))</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">||=</span> <span class="nx">value</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isObject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">and</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="nx">subKey</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">subValue</span> <span class="k">of</span> <span class="nx">value</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nx">arguments</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">callee</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">subValue</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">subKey</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c1"># Loop through nested cases like user.token, merchant.token</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">each</span> <span class="nx">attributes</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nf">(attribute) -></span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">attribute</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">match</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sr">/^[a-z]+[.]/</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">keys = </span><span class="nx">attribute</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'.'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">element = </span><span class="nx">keys</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'_'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">nestedElement = </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">reduce</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">keys</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nf">(memo, num) -></span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isUndefined</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">memo</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">memo = </span><span class="nx">memo</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">element</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">nestedElement</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isUndefined</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nestedElement</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">result</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">module.exports = </span><span class="nx">DataPicker</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
</div>
</article>
<article>
<header>
<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="/blog/2014/01/05/trees-in-ruby/">DFS and BFS in Ruby Using Simple Tree Objects</a></h1>
<p class="meta">
<time datetime="2014-01-05T08:54:11-08:00" pubdate data-updated="true">Jan 5<span>th</span>, 2014</time>
| <a href="/blog/2014/01/05/trees-in-ruby/#disqus_thread"
data-disqus-identifier="http://haozeng.github.io/blog/2014/01/05/trees-in-ruby/">Comments</a>
</p>
</header>
<div class="entry-content"><p>In Ruby, there is no existing pre-built tree structures available, but it is pretty easy to define
tree objects. Here is the an exmaple which DFS and BFS are performed using ruby.</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
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</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='ruby'><span class='line'><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Node</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="kp">attr_accessor</span> <span class="ss">:value</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:right</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:name</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">initialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">options</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{})</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">options</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:value</span><span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">options</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:name</span><span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">children</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="o">[</span><span class="vi">@left</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="vi">@right</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">compact</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">children?</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="vi">@left</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="vi">@right</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">no_children?</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">children?</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="ss">:value</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:name</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'root'</span><span class="p">})</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">child_1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="ss">:value</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:name</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'child_1'</span><span class="p">})</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">child_2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="ss">:value</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:name</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'child_2'</span><span class="p">})</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">grand_child_1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="ss">:value</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:name</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'grand_child_1'</span><span class="p">})</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">grand_grand_child_1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="no">Node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="ss">:value</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:name</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'grand_grand_child_1'</span><span class="p">})</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">grand_child_1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">grand_grand_child_1</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">child_1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">grand_child_1</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child_1</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child_2</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">bfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">queue</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">[]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">while</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shift</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">puts</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">value</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">n</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">children</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span> <span class="k">do</span> <span class="o">|</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">|</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="n">bfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">puts</span> <span class="s1">'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">puts</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">value</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">children</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span> <span class="k">do</span> <span class="o">|</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="o">|</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>