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git-checkout.html
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git-checkout.html
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 10.2.0" />
<title>git-checkout(1)</title>
<style type="text/css">
/* Shared CSS for AsciiDoc xhtml11 and html5 backends */
/* Default font. */
body {
font-family: Georgia,serif;
}
/* Title font. */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
div.title, caption.title,
thead, p.table.header,
#toctitle,
#author, #revnumber, #revdate, #revremark,
#footer {
font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
}
body {
margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
}
a {
color: blue;
text-decoration: underline;
}
a:visited {
color: fuchsia;
}
em {
font-style: italic;
color: navy;
}
strong {
font-weight: bold;
color: #083194;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #527bbd;
margin-top: 1.2em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
line-height: 1.3;
}
h1, h2, h3 {
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
h2 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
}
h3 {
float: left;
}
h3 + * {
clear: left;
}
h5 {
font-size: 1.0em;
}
div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 0;
}
hr {
border: 1px solid silver;
}
p {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
ul, ol, li > p {
margin-top: 0;
}
ul > li { color: #aaa; }
ul > li > * { color: black; }
.monospaced, code, pre {
font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
font-size: inherit;
color: navy;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
pre {
white-space: pre-wrap;
}
#author {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1em;
}
#email {
}
#revnumber, #revdate, #revremark {
}
#footer {
font-size: small;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
padding-top: 0.5em;
margin-top: 4.0em;
}
#footer-text {
float: left;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#footer-badges {
float: right;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#preamble {
margin-top: 1.5em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
div.quoteblock, div.literalblock, div.listingblock, div.sidebarblock,
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 2.0em;
margin-bottom: 2.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
color: #606060;
}
div.content { /* Block element content. */
padding: 0;
}
/* Block element titles. */
div.title, caption.title {
color: #527bbd;
font-weight: bold;
text-align: left;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
div.title + * {
margin-top: 0;
}
td div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content div.title:first-child {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.content + div.title {
margin-top: 0.0em;
}
div.sidebarblock > div.content {
background: #ffffee;
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 4px solid #f0f0f0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.listingblock > div.content {
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
background: #f8f8f8;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.quoteblock, div.verseblock {
padding-left: 1.0em;
margin-left: 1.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
color: #888;
}
div.quoteblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.5em;
text-align: right;
}
div.verseblock > pre.content {
font-family: inherit;
font-size: inherit;
}
div.verseblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.75em;
text-align: left;
}
/* DEPRECATED: Pre version 8.2.7 verse style literal block. */
div.verseblock + div.attribution {
text-align: left;
}
div.admonitionblock .icon {
vertical-align: top;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
text-decoration: underline;
color: #527bbd;
padding-right: 0.5em;
}
div.admonitionblock td.content {
padding-left: 0.5em;
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
}
div.exampleblock > div.content {
border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
padding-left: 0.5em;
}
div.imageblock div.content { padding-left: 0; }
span.image img { border-style: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; }
a.image:visited { color: white; }
dl {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
dt {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0;
font-style: normal;
color: navy;
}
dd > *:first-child {
margin-top: 0.1em;
}
ul, ol {
list-style-position: outside;
}
ol.arabic {
list-style-type: decimal;
}
ol.loweralpha {
list-style-type: lower-alpha;
}
ol.upperalpha {
list-style-type: upper-alpha;
}
ol.lowerroman {
list-style-type: lower-roman;
}
ol.upperroman {
list-style-type: upper-roman;
}
div.compact ul, div.compact ol,
div.compact p, div.compact p,
div.compact div, div.compact div {
margin-top: 0.1em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
tfoot {
font-weight: bold;
}
td > div.verse {
white-space: pre;
}
div.hdlist {
margin-top: 0.8em;
margin-bottom: 0.8em;
}
div.hdlist tr {
padding-bottom: 15px;
}
dt.hdlist1.strong, td.hdlist1.strong {
font-weight: bold;
}
td.hdlist1 {
vertical-align: top;
font-style: normal;
padding-right: 0.8em;
color: navy;
}
td.hdlist2 {
vertical-align: top;
}
div.hdlist.compact tr {
margin: 0;
padding-bottom: 0;
}
.comment {
background: yellow;
}
.footnote, .footnoteref {
font-size: 0.8em;
}
span.footnote, span.footnoteref {
vertical-align: super;
}
#footnotes {
margin: 20px 0 20px 0;
padding: 7px 0 0 0;
}
#footnotes div.footnote {
margin: 0 0 5px 0;
}
#footnotes hr {
border: none;
border-top: 1px solid silver;
height: 1px;
text-align: left;
margin-left: 0;
width: 20%;
min-width: 100px;
}
div.colist td {
padding-right: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.3em;
vertical-align: top;
}
div.colist td img {
margin-top: 0.3em;
}
@media print {
#footer-badges { display: none; }
}
#toc {
margin-bottom: 2.5em;
}
#toctitle {
color: #527bbd;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
div.toclevel0, div.toclevel1, div.toclevel2, div.toclevel3, div.toclevel4 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
div.toclevel2 {
margin-left: 2em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel3 {
margin-left: 4em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
div.toclevel4 {
margin-left: 6em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
span.aqua { color: aqua; }
span.black { color: black; }
span.blue { color: blue; }
span.fuchsia { color: fuchsia; }
span.gray { color: gray; }
span.green { color: green; }
span.lime { color: lime; }
span.maroon { color: maroon; }
span.navy { color: navy; }
span.olive { color: olive; }
span.purple { color: purple; }
span.red { color: red; }
span.silver { color: silver; }
span.teal { color: teal; }
span.white { color: white; }
span.yellow { color: yellow; }
span.aqua-background { background: aqua; }
span.black-background { background: black; }
span.blue-background { background: blue; }
span.fuchsia-background { background: fuchsia; }
span.gray-background { background: gray; }
span.green-background { background: green; }
span.lime-background { background: lime; }
span.maroon-background { background: maroon; }
span.navy-background { background: navy; }
span.olive-background { background: olive; }
span.purple-background { background: purple; }
span.red-background { background: red; }
span.silver-background { background: silver; }
span.teal-background { background: teal; }
span.white-background { background: white; }
span.yellow-background { background: yellow; }
span.big { font-size: 2em; }
span.small { font-size: 0.6em; }
span.underline { text-decoration: underline; }
span.overline { text-decoration: overline; }
span.line-through { text-decoration: line-through; }
div.unbreakable { page-break-inside: avoid; }
/*
* xhtml11 specific
*
* */
div.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
div.tableblock > table {
border: 3px solid #527bbd;
}
thead, p.table.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.table {
margin-top: 0;
}
/* Because the table frame attribute is overridden by CSS in most browsers. */
div.tableblock > table[frame="void"] {
border-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="hsides"] {
border-left-style: none;
border-right-style: none;
}
div.tableblock > table[frame="vsides"] {
border-top-style: none;
border-bottom-style: none;
}
/*
* html5 specific
*
* */
table.tableblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
thead, p.tableblock.header {
font-weight: bold;
color: #527bbd;
}
p.tableblock {
margin-top: 0;
}
table.tableblock {
border-width: 3px;
border-spacing: 0px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th.tableblock, td.tableblock {
border-width: 1px;
padding: 4px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #527bbd;
}
table.tableblock.frame-topbot {
border-left-style: hidden;
border-right-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-sides {
border-top-style: hidden;
border-bottom-style: hidden;
}
table.tableblock.frame-none {
border-style: hidden;
}
th.tableblock.halign-left, td.tableblock.halign-left {
text-align: left;
}
th.tableblock.halign-center, td.tableblock.halign-center {
text-align: center;
}
th.tableblock.halign-right, td.tableblock.halign-right {
text-align: right;
}
th.tableblock.valign-top, td.tableblock.valign-top {
vertical-align: top;
}
th.tableblock.valign-middle, td.tableblock.valign-middle {
vertical-align: middle;
}
th.tableblock.valign-bottom, td.tableblock.valign-bottom {
vertical-align: bottom;
}
/*
* manpage specific
*
* */
body.manpage h1 {
padding-top: 0.5em;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
}
body.manpage h2 {
border-style: none;
}
body.manpage div.sectionbody {
margin-left: 3em;
}
@media print {
body.manpage div#toc { display: none; }
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*<+'])');
// Function that scans the DOM tree for header elements (the DOM2
// nodeIterator API would be a better technique but not supported by all
// browsers).
var iterate = function (el) {
for (var i = el.firstChild; i != null; i = i.nextSibling) {
if (i.nodeType == 1 /* Node.ELEMENT_NODE */) {
var mo = re.exec(i.tagName);
if (mo && (i.getAttribute("class") || i.getAttribute("className")) != "float") {
result[result.length] = new TocEntry(i, getText(i), mo[1]-1);
}
iterate(i);
}
}
}
iterate(el);
return result;
}
var toc = document.getElementById("toc");
if (!toc) {
return;
}
// Delete existing TOC entries in case we're reloading the TOC.
var tocEntriesToRemove = [];
var i;
for (i = 0; i < toc.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = toc.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div'
&& entry.getAttribute("class")
&& entry.getAttribute("class").match(/^toclevel/))
tocEntriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < tocEntriesToRemove.length; i++) {
toc.removeChild(tocEntriesToRemove[i]);
}
// Rebuild TOC entries.
var entries = tocEntries(document.getElementById("content"), toclevels);
for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
var entry = entries[i];
if (entry.element.id == "")
entry.element.id = "_toc_" + i;
var a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = "#" + entry.element.id;
a.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry.text));
var div = document.createElement("div");
div.appendChild(a);
div.className = "toclevel" + entry.toclevel;
toc.appendChild(div);
}
if (entries.length == 0)
toc.parentNode.removeChild(toc);
},
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Footnotes generator
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* Based on footnote generation code from:
* http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html
*/
footnotes: function () {
// Delete existing footnote entries in case we're reloading the footnodes.
var i;
var noteholder = document.getElementById("footnotes");
if (!noteholder) {
return;
}
var entriesToRemove = [];
for (i = 0; i < noteholder.childNodes.length; i++) {
var entry = noteholder.childNodes[i];
if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div' && entry.getAttribute("class") == "footnote")
entriesToRemove.push(entry);
}
for (i = 0; i < entriesToRemove.length; i++) {
noteholder.removeChild(entriesToRemove[i]);
}
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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>
git-checkout(1) Manual Page
</h1>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-checkout -
Switch branches or restore working tree files
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git checkout</em> [-q] [-f] [-m] [<branch>]
<em>git checkout</em> [-q] [-f] [-m] --detach [<branch>]
<em>git checkout</em> [-q] [-f] [-m] [--detach] <commit>
<em>git checkout</em> [-q] [-f] [-m] [[-b|-B|--orphan] <new-branch>] [<start-point>]
<em>git checkout</em> [-f] <tree-ish> [--] <pathspec>…
<em>git checkout</em> [-f] <tree-ish> --pathspec-from-file=<file> [--pathspec-file-nul]
<em>git checkout</em> [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [--] <pathspec>…
<em>git checkout</em> [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] --pathspec-from-file=<file> [--pathspec-file-nul]
<em>git checkout</em> (-p|--patch) [<tree-ish>] [--] [<pathspec>…]</pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Updates files in the working tree to match the version in the index
or the specified tree. If no pathspec was given, <em>git checkout</em> will
also update <code>HEAD</code> to set the specified branch as the current
branch.</p></div>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<em>git checkout</em> [<branch>]
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
To prepare for working on <code><branch></code>, switch to it by updating
the index and the files in the working tree, and by pointing
<code>HEAD</code> at the branch. Local modifications to the files in the
working tree are kept, so that they can be committed to the
<code><branch></code>.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If <code><branch></code> is not found but there does exist a tracking branch in
exactly one remote (call it <code><remote></code>) with a matching name and
<code>--no-guess</code> is not specified, treat as equivalent to</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git checkout -b <branch> --track <remote>/<branch></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You could omit <code><branch></code>, in which case the command degenerates to
"check out the current branch", which is a glorified no-op with
rather expensive side-effects to show only the tracking information,
if it exists, for the current branch.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<em>git checkout</em> -b|-B <new-branch> [<start-point>]
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Specifying <code>-b</code> causes a new branch to be created as if
<a href="git-branch.html">git-branch(1)</a> were called and then checked out. In
this case you can use the <code>--track</code> or <code>--no-track</code> options,
which will be passed to <em>git branch</em>. As a convenience,
<code>--track</code> without <code>-b</code> implies branch creation; see the
description of <code>--track</code> below.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If <code>-B</code> is given, <code><new-branch></code> is created if it doesn’t exist; otherwise, it
is reset. This is the transactional equivalent of</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git branch -f <branch> [<start-point>]
$ git checkout <branch></code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>that is to say, the branch is not reset/created unless "git checkout" is
successful (e.g., when the branch is in use in another worktree, not
just the current branch stays the same, but the branch is not reset to
the start-point, either).</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<em>git checkout</em> --detach [<branch>]
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<em>git checkout</em> [--detach] <commit>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Prepare to work on top of <code><commit></code>, by detaching <code>HEAD</code> at it
(see "DETACHED HEAD" section), and updating the index and the
files in the working tree. Local modifications to the files
in the working tree are kept, so that the resulting working
tree will be the state recorded in the commit plus the local
modifications.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When the <code><commit></code> argument is a branch name, the <code>--detach</code> option can
be used to detach <code>HEAD</code> at the tip of the branch (<code>git checkout
<branch></code> would check out that branch without detaching <code>HEAD</code>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Omitting <code><branch></code> detaches <code>HEAD</code> at the tip of the current branch.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<em>git checkout</em> [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>…
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<em>git checkout</em> [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] --pathspec-from-file=<file> [--pathspec-file-nul]
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Overwrite the contents of the files that match the pathspec.
When the <code><tree-ish></code> (most often a commit) is not given,
overwrite working tree with the contents in the index.
When the <code><tree-ish></code> is given, overwrite both the index and
the working tree with the contents at the <code><tree-ish></code>.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The index may contain unmerged entries because of a previous failed merge.
By default, if you try to check out such an entry from the index, the
checkout operation will fail and nothing will be checked out.
Using <code>-f</code> will ignore these unmerged entries. The contents from a
specific side of the merge can be checked out of the index by
using <code>--ours</code> or <code>--theirs</code>. With <code>-m</code>, changes made to the working tree
file can be discarded to re-create the original conflicted merge result.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
<em>git checkout</em> (-p|--patch) [<tree-ish>] [--] [<pathspec>…]
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
This is similar to the previous mode, but lets you use the
interactive interface to show the "diff" output and choose which
hunks to use in the result. See below for the description of
<code>--patch</code> option.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-q
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--quiet
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Quiet, suppress feedback messages.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--progress
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--no-progress
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless <code>--quiet</code>
is specified. This flag enables progress reporting even if not
attached to a terminal, regardless of <code>--quiet</code>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-f
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--force
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
When switching branches, proceed even if the index or the
working tree differs from <code>HEAD</code>, and even if there are untracked
files in the way. This is used to throw away local changes and
any untracked files or directories that are in the way.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When checking out paths from the index, do not fail upon unmerged
entries; instead, unmerged entries are ignored.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--ours
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--theirs
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
When checking out paths from the index, check out stage #2
(<em>ours</em>) or #3 (<em>theirs</em>) for unmerged paths.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that during <code>git rebase</code> and <code>git pull --rebase</code>, <em>ours</em> and
<em>theirs</em> may appear swapped; <code>--ours</code> gives the version from the
branch the changes are rebased onto, while <code>--theirs</code> gives the
version from the branch that holds your work that is being rebased.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is because <code>rebase</code> is used in a workflow that treats the
history at the remote as the shared canonical one, and treats the
work done on the branch you are rebasing as the third-party work to
be integrated, and you are temporarily assuming the role of the
keeper of the canonical history during the rebase. As the keeper of
the canonical history, you need to view the history from the remote
as <code>ours</code> (i.e. "our shared canonical history"), while what you did
on your side branch as <code>theirs</code> (i.e. "one contributor’s work on top
of it").</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-b <new-branch>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Create a new branch named <code><new-branch></code>, start it at
<code><start-point></code>, and check the resulting branch out;
see <a href="git-branch.html">git-branch(1)</a> for details.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-B <new-branch>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Creates the branch <code><new-branch></code>, start it at <code><start-point></code>;
if it already exists, then reset it to <code><start-point></code>. And then
check the resulting branch out. This is equivalent to running
"git branch" with "-f" followed by "git checkout" of that branch;
see <a href="git-branch.html">git-branch(1)</a> for details.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-t
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--track[=(direct|inherit)]
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration. See
"--track" in <a href="git-branch.html">git-branch(1)</a> for details.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If no <code>-b</code> option is given, the name of the new branch will be
derived from the remote-tracking branch, by looking at the local part of
the refspec configured for the corresponding remote, and then stripping
the initial part up to the "*".
This would tell us to use <code>hack</code> as the local branch when branching
off of <code>origin/hack</code> (or <code>remotes/origin/hack</code>, or even
<code>refs/remotes/origin/hack</code>). If the given name has no slash, or the above
guessing results in an empty name, the guessing is aborted. You can
explicitly give a name with <code>-b</code> in such a case.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--no-track
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
<code>branch.autoSetupMerge</code> configuration variable is true.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--guess
</dt>