Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
314 lines (256 loc) · 8.3 KB

README.md

File metadata and controls

314 lines (256 loc) · 8.3 KB
Raw

235. 二叉搜索树的最近公共祖先

English Version

题目描述

给定一个二叉搜索树, 找到该树中两个指定节点的最近公共祖先。

百度百科中最近公共祖先的定义为：“对于有根树 T 的两个结点 p、q，最近公共祖先表示为一个结点 x，满足 x 是 p、q 的祖先且 x 的深度尽可能大（一个节点也可以是它自己的祖先）。”

例如，给定如下二叉搜索树:  root = [6,2,8,0,4,7,9,null,null,3,5]

 

示例 1:

输入: root = [6,2,8,0,4,7,9,null,null,3,5], p = 2, q = 8
输出: 6 
解释: 节点 2 和节点 8 的最近公共祖先是 6。

示例 2:

输入: root = [6,2,8,0,4,7,9,null,null,3,5], p = 2, q = 4
输出: 2
解释: 节点 2 和节点 4 的最近公共祖先是 2, 因为根据定义最近公共祖先节点可以为节点本身。

 

说明:

  • 所有节点的值都是唯一的。
  • p、q 为不同节点且均存在于给定的二叉搜索树中。

解法

从上到下搜索，找到第一个值位于 [p, q] 之间的结点即可。既可以用迭代实现，也可以用递归实现。

Python3

迭代：

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution:
    def lowestCommonAncestor(self, root: 'TreeNode', p: 'TreeNode', q: 'TreeNode') -> 'TreeNode':
        while root:
            if root.val < p.val and root.val < q.val:
                root = root.right
            elif root.val > p.val and root.val > q.val:
                root = root.left
            else:
                return root

递归：

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution:
    def lowestCommonAncestor(self, root: 'TreeNode', p: 'TreeNode', q: 'TreeNode') -> 'TreeNode':
        if root is None:
            return None
        if root.val < p.val and root.val < q.val:
            return self.lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q)
        if root.val > p.val and root.val > q.val:
            return self.lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q)
        return root

Java

迭代：

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */

class Solution {
    public TreeNode lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode root, TreeNode p, TreeNode q) {
        while (root != null) {
            if (root.val < p.val && root.val < q.val) root = root.right;
            else if (root.val > p.val && root.val > q.val) root = root.left;
            else return root;
        }
        return root;
    }
}

递归：

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */

class Solution {
    public TreeNode lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode root, TreeNode p, TreeNode q) {
        if (root == null) return null;
        if (root.val < p.val && root.val < q.val) return lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q);
        if (root.val > p.val && root.val > q.val) return lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q);
        return root;
    }
}

TypeScript

迭代：

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * class TreeNode {
 *     val: number
 *     left: TreeNode | null
 *     right: TreeNode | null
 *     constructor(val?: number, left?: TreeNode | null, right?: TreeNode | null) {
 *         this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
 *         this.left = (left===undefined ? null : left)
 *         this.right = (right===undefined ? null : right)
 *     }
 * }
 */

function lowestCommonAncestor(root: TreeNode | null, p: TreeNode | null, q: TreeNode | null): TreeNode | null {
    while (root) {
        if (root.val > p.val && root.val > q.val) {
            root = root.left;
        } else if (root.val < p.val && root.val < q.val) {
            root = root.right;
        } else {
            return root;
        }
    }
};

递归：

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * class TreeNode {
 *     val: number
 *     left: TreeNode | null
 *     right: TreeNode | null
 *     constructor(val?: number, left?: TreeNode | null, right?: TreeNode | null) {
 *         this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
 *         this.left = (left===undefined ? null : left)
 *         this.right = (right===undefined ? null : right)
 *     }
 * }
 */

function lowestCommonAncestor(root: TreeNode | null, p: TreeNode | null, q: TreeNode | null): TreeNode | null {
    if (root.val > p.val && root.val > q.val) return lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q);
    if (root.val < p.val && root.val < q.val) return lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q);
    return root;
};

Go

迭代：

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * type TreeNode struct {
 *     Val   int
 *     Left  *TreeNode
 *     Right *TreeNode
 * }
 */

func lowestCommonAncestor(root, p, q *TreeNode) *TreeNode {
	for root != nil {
		// 如果 p、q 的值都小于 root，说明 p、q 肯定在 root 的左子树中；
		// 如果 p、q 都大于 root，说明肯定在 root 的右子树中；
		// 如果一个在左一个在右，则说明此时的 root 记为对应的最近公共祖先。
		if root.Val > p.Val && root.Val > q.Val {
			root = root.Left
		} else if root.Val < p.Val && root.Val < q.Val {
			root = root.Right
		} else {
			return root
		}
	}
	return nil
}

递归：

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * type TreeNode struct {
 *     Val   int
 *     Left  *TreeNode
 *     Right *TreeNode
 * }
 */

func lowestCommonAncestor(root, p, q *TreeNode) *TreeNode {
    if root == nil {
        return root
    }
    if root.Val < p.Val && root.Val < q.Val {
        return lowestCommonAncestor(root.Right, p, q)
    }
    if root.Val > p.Val && root.Val > q.Val {
        return lowestCommonAncestor(root.Left, p, q)
    }
    return root
}

C++

迭代：

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */

class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) {
        while (root)
        {
            if (root->val < p->val && root->val < q->val) root = root->right;
            else if (root->val > p->val && root->val > q->val) root = root->left;
            else return root;
        }
        return root;
    }
};

递归：

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */

class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) {
        if (!root) return root;
        if (root->val < p->val && root->val < q->val) return lowestCommonAncestor(root->right, p, q);
        if (root->val > p->val && root->val > q->val) return lowestCommonAncestor(root->left, p, q);
        return root;
    }
};