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<p>本文记录了一些在Docker中比较难以安装、频繁报错的库，如cuda、cudnn。</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h1 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h1><p>在配置镜像时, <strong>强烈建议将源更改为国内镜像站</strong>, 因为国外有些镜像站链接速度很慢, 更新也很慢, 很多库无法正确安装</p>
<p>我所使用的镜像站为<code>sources.list</code>:</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties</span><br><span class="line">deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted</span><br><span class="line">deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe</span><br><span class="line">deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>在<code>Dockerfile</code>或者在容器内使用命令<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">RUN cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak</span><br><span class="line">COPY sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>将源替换.</p>
<h1 id="CUDA-9-0-开发者版"><a href="#CUDA-9-0-开发者版" class="headerlink" title="CUDA 9.0 开发者版"></a>CUDA 9.0 开发者版</h1><p><code>dockerfile</code>如下:<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">FROM nvidia/cuda:9.0-runtime-ubuntu16.04</span><br><span class="line">LABEL maintainer "Keavnn <https://stepneverstop.github.io>"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --allow-unauthenticated --no-install-recommends \</span><br><span class="line"> cuda-libraries-dev-$CUDA_PKG_VERSION \</span><br><span class="line"> cuda-nvml-dev-$CUDA_PKG_VERSION \</span><br><span class="line"> cuda-minimal-build-$CUDA_PKG_VERSION \</span><br><span class="line"> cuda-command-line-tools-$CUDA_PKG_VERSION \</span><br><span class="line"> cuda-core-9-0=9.0.176.3-1 \</span><br><span class="line"> cuda-cublas-dev-9-0=9.0.176.4-1 \</span><br><span class="line"> libnccl-dev=$NCCL_VERSION-1+cuda9.0 && \</span><br><span class="line"> rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ENV LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/cuda/lib64/stubs</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><strong>—allow-unauthenticated</strong> 这句命令很重要, 不使用的话很有可能安装失败</p>
<h1 id="cudnn-7-0-5"><a href="#cudnn-7-0-5" class="headerlink" title="cudnn 7.0.5"></a>cudnn 7.0.5</h1><ul>
<li><a href="https://developer.nvidia.com/rdp/cudnn-archive" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">https://developer.nvidia.com/rdp/cudnn-archive</a> 下载cuDNN Libraries for Linux,不要下载 Power 8</li>
<li>把下载好的包上传到FTP服务器, 或者传输到容器内, 或者直接在容器中下载好</li>
<li><code>cd</code>到包位置</li>
<li><code>cp cudnn-9.0-linux-x64-v7.solitairetheme8 cudnn-9.0-linux-x64-v7.tgz</code></li>
<li><code>tar -xvf cudnn-9.0-linux-x64-v7.tgz</code></li>
<li><code>cp include/* /usr/local/cuda-9.0/include</code></li>
<li><code>cp lib64/* /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64</code></li>
<li><code>chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda-9.0/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64/libcudnn*</code> <strong>这一步如果cuda是base版本,则没有include文件夹,需要手动创建后再执行</strong></li>
<li><code>export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-9.0/bin:$PATH</code></li>
<li><code>cd</code>到<code>/usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64</code></li>
<li><code>nano ~/.bashrc</code>,关联环境变量</li>
<li>在最后一行加入<code>export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code></li>
<li><code>source ~/.bashrc</code></li>
<li><code>ldconfig -v</code></li>
<li>使用<code>cat /usr/local/cuda-9.0/include/cudnn.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2</code> 查看cudnn版本<br><img src="./create-sniper-docker-image/Snipaste_2019-01-03_10-56-08.png" alt=""></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="jemalloc"><a href="#jemalloc" class="headerlink" title="jemalloc"></a>jemalloc</h1><p>选择安装<code>jemalloc</code>,这个工具可以加速编译,碎片整理,具体请自行谷歌</p>
<ul>
<li><code>apt-get install autoconf</code></li>
<li><code>apt-get install automake</code></li>
<li><code>apt-get install libtool</code></li>
<li><code>git clone https://github.com/jemalloc/jemalloc.git</code></li>
<li><code>cd jemalloc</code></li>
<li><code>git checkout 4.5.0</code>安装4.5.0版本的jemalloc,5.x版本的有坑,深坑</li>
<li><code>./autogen.sh</code></li>
<li><code>make</code></li>
<li><code>make install_bin install_include install_lib</code>,之所以不使用<code>make install</code>是因为会报错,如下: <img src="./create-sniper-docker-image/Snipaste_2019-01-03_09-56-41.png" alt=""></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="Python3-6"><a href="#Python3-6" class="headerlink" title="Python3.6"></a>Python3.6</h1><p>记得<code>sudo</code></p>
<ul>
<li><code>apt-get install software-properties-common</code></li>
<li><code>add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/python-3.6</code>, 按<code>ENTER</code></li>
<li><code>apt-get update && apt-get install python3.6 -y</code></li>
<li>修改系统默认的<code>python</code>版本为3.6</li>
<li><code>cd /usr/bin</code>, 保险起见,建议分两步</li>
<li><code>rm python</code></li>
<li><code>ln -s python3.6m python</code></li>
<li>如需更新,<code>pip3 install --upgrade pip</code>, 8.1.1->19.0.3</li>
<li><code>python -V</code><br><img src="./something-hard-install-docker/1.png" alt=""></li>
</ul>
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<div style="text-align:center;color: #ccc;font-size:14px;">-------------本文结束<i class="fa fa-heart"></i>感谢您的阅读-------------</div>
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<p><span>本文标题:</span><a href="/something-hard-install-docker.html">一些在Docker中比较难以安装的库(整理)</a></p>
<p><span>文章作者:</span><a href="/" title="访问 Keavnn 的个人博客">Keavnn</a></p>
<p><span>发布时间:</span>2019年03月24日 - 18:03</p>
<p><span>最后更新:</span>2019年05月13日 - 22:05</p>
<p><span>原始链接:</span><a href="/something-hard-install-docker.html" title="一些在Docker中比较难以安装的库(整理)">http://StepNeverStop.github.io/something-hard-install-docker.html</a>
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