diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/pom.xml b/geowebcache/azureblob/pom.xml
index 88538c828..c1f789204 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/pom.xml
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/pom.xml
@@ -11,6 +11,26 @@
   <groupId>org.geowebcache</groupId>
   <artifactId>gwc-azure-blob</artifactId>
 
+  <properties>
+    <!-- Same sdk version as imageio-ext's cog-ragengereader-azure for GeoSever compatibility -->
+    <azure.version>12.27.1</azure.version>
+  </properties>
+
+  <dependencyManagement>
+    <dependencies>
+      <dependency>
+        <!--
+            Use the same netty version as imageio-ext's cog-ragengereader-s3 and cog-rangereader-azure
+            See https://github.com/geosolutions-it/imageio-ext/pull/312
+		 -->
+        <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
+        <artifactId>netty-bom</artifactId>
+        <version>4.1.113.Final</version>
+        <type>pom</type>
+        <scope>import</scope>
+      </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+  </dependencyManagement>
   <dependencies>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.geowebcache</groupId>
@@ -19,10 +39,9 @@
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
-      <groupId>com.microsoft.azure</groupId>
+      <groupId>com.azure</groupId>
       <artifactId>azure-storage-blob</artifactId>
-      <!-- at the time of writing 11.0.1 was available but pom on repoes was corrupted -->
-      <version>11.0.0</version>
+      <version>${azure.version}</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStore.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStore.java
index abde0fabc..a3a08f8ec 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStore.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStore.java
@@ -17,20 +17,18 @@
 import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
 import static java.util.Objects.isNull;
 
+import com.azure.core.util.BinaryData;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobDownloadContentResponse;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobItem;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobProperties;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobStorageException;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.specialized.BlockBlobClient;
 import com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator;
 import com.google.common.collect.Iterators;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.BlockBlobURL;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.DownloadResponse;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobGetPropertiesResponse;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobHTTPHeaders;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobItem;
-import com.microsoft.rest.v2.RestException;
-import com.microsoft.rest.v2.util.FlowableUtil;
-import io.reactivex.Flowable;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -39,8 +37,8 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
 import java.util.logging.Logger;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
-import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
 import org.geotools.util.logging.Logging;
 import org.geowebcache.filter.parameters.ParametersUtils;
 import org.geowebcache.io.ByteArrayResource;
@@ -80,8 +78,9 @@ public AzureBlobStore(
         this.keyBuilder = new TMSKeyBuilder(prefix, layers);
 
         // check target is suitable for a cache
-        boolean emptyFolder = client.listBlobs(prefix, 1).isEmpty();
-        boolean existingMetadata = !client.listBlobs(keyBuilder.storeMetadata(), 1).isEmpty();
+        boolean emptyFolder = !client.prefixExists(prefix);
+        boolean existingMetadata = client.blobExists(keyBuilder.storeMetadata());
+
         CompositeBlobStore.checkSuitability(
                 configuration.getLocation(), existingMetadata, emptyFolder);
 
@@ -103,13 +102,7 @@ public boolean delete(String layerName) throws StorageException {
         final String layerPrefix = keyBuilder.forLayer(layerName);
 
         // this might not be there, tolerant delete
-        try {
-            BlockBlobURL metadata = client.getBlockBlobURL(metadataKey);
-            int statusCode = metadata.delete().blockingGet().statusCode();
-            if (!HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode).is2xxSuccessful()) {
-                return false;
-            }
-        } catch (RestException e) {
+        if (!client.deleteBlob(metadataKey)) {
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -133,7 +126,7 @@ public boolean deleteByParametersId(String layerName, String parametersId)
                                     try {
                                         return deleteManager.scheduleAsyncDelete(prefix);
                                     } catch (StorageException e) {
-                                        throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                                        throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
                                     }
                                 })
                         .reduce(Boolean::logicalOr) // Don't use Stream.anyMatch as it would short
@@ -164,44 +157,45 @@ public boolean deleteByGridsetId(final String layerName, final String gridSetId)
     @Override
     public boolean delete(TileObject obj) throws StorageException {
         final String key = keyBuilder.forTile(obj);
-        BlockBlobURL blob = client.getBlockBlobURL(key);
+        BlockBlobClient blob = client.getBlockBlobClient(key);
 
         // don't bother for the extra call if there are no listeners
         if (listeners.isEmpty()) {
             try {
-                int statusCode = blob.delete().blockingGet().statusCode();
-                return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode).is2xxSuccessful();
-            } catch (RestException e) {
-                return false;
+                return blob.deleteIfExists();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                throw new StorageException("Failed to delete tile ", e);
             }
         }
 
+        // if there are listeners, gather extra information
+        long oldSize = 0;
         try {
-            // if there are listeners, gather extra information
-            BlobGetPropertiesResponse properties = blob.getProperties().blockingGet();
-            Long oldSize = properties.headers().contentLength();
-            int statusCode = blob.delete().blockingGet().statusCode();
-            if (!HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode).is2xxSuccessful()) {
-                return false;
+            BlobProperties properties = blob.getProperties();
+            oldSize = properties.getBlobSize();
+        } catch (BlobStorageException e) {
+            if (HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value() != e.getStatusCode()) {
+                throw new StorageException("Failed to check if the container exists", e);
             }
-            if (oldSize != null) {
-                obj.setBlobSize(oldSize.intValue());
-            }
-        } catch (RestException e) {
-            if (e.response().statusCode() != 404) {
-                throw new StorageException("Failed to delete tile ", e);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            boolean deleted = blob.deleteIfExists();
+            if (deleted && oldSize > 0L) {
+                obj.setBlobSize((int) oldSize);
+                listeners.sendTileDeleted(obj);
             }
-            return false;
+            return deleted;
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            throw new StorageException("Failed to delete tile ", e);
         }
-        listeners.sendTileDeleted(obj);
-        return true;
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean delete(TileRange tileRange) throws StorageException {
         // see if there is anything to delete in that range by computing a prefix
         final String coordsPrefix = keyBuilder.coordinatesPrefix(tileRange, false);
-        if (client.listBlobs(coordsPrefix, 1).isEmpty()) {
+        if (!client.prefixExists(coordsPrefix)) {
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -273,24 +267,26 @@ protected long[] computeNext() {
     @Override
     public boolean get(TileObject obj) throws StorageException {
         final String key = keyBuilder.forTile(obj);
-        final BlockBlobURL blob = client.getBlockBlobURL(key);
+        boolean found;
         try {
-            DownloadResponse response = blob.download().blockingGet();
-            ByteBuffer buffer =
-                    FlowableUtil.collectBytesInBuffer(response.body(null)).blockingGet();
-            byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer.remaining()];
-            buffer.get(bytes);
-
-            obj.setBlobSize(bytes.length);
-            obj.setBlob(new ByteArrayResource(bytes));
-            obj.setCreated(response.headers().lastModified().toEpochSecond() * 1000l);
-        } catch (RestException e) {
-            if (e.response().statusCode() == 404) {
-                return false;
+            BlobDownloadContentResponse response = client.download(key);
+            if (null == response) {
+                obj.setBlob(null);
+                obj.setBlobSize(0);
+                found = false;
+            } else {
+                BinaryData data = response.getValue();
+                OffsetDateTime lastModified = response.getDeserializedHeaders().getLastModified();
+                byte[] bytes = data.toBytes();
+                obj.setBlobSize(bytes.length);
+                obj.setBlob(new ByteArrayResource(bytes));
+                obj.setCreated(lastModified.toEpochSecond() * 1000l);
+                found = true;
             }
+        } catch (BlobStorageException e) {
             throw new StorageException("Error getting " + key, e);
         }
-        return true;
+        return found;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -301,50 +297,40 @@ public void put(TileObject obj) throws StorageException {
 
         final String key = keyBuilder.forTile(obj);
 
-        BlockBlobURL blobURL = client.getBlockBlobURL(key);
+        BlockBlobClient blobURL = client.getBlockBlobClient(key);
 
         // if there are listeners, gather first the old size with a "head" request
-        Long oldSize = null;
+        long oldSize = 0L;
         boolean existed = false;
         if (!listeners.isEmpty()) {
             try {
-                BlobGetPropertiesResponse properties = blobURL.getProperties().blockingGet();
-                oldSize = properties.headers().contentLength();
+                BlobProperties properties = blobURL.getProperties();
+                oldSize = properties.getBlobSize();
                 existed = true;
-            } catch (RestException e) {
-                if (e.response().statusCode() != HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value()) {
+            } catch (BlobStorageException e) {
+                if (HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value() != e.getStatusCode()) {
                     throw new StorageException("Failed to check if the container exists", e);
                 }
             }
         }
 
         // then upload
+        String mimeType = getMimeType(obj);
         try (InputStream is = blob.getInputStream()) {
-            byte[] bytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
-            ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
-            String mimeType = MimeType.createFromFormat(obj.getBlobFormat()).getMimeType();
-            BlobHTTPHeaders headers = new BlobHTTPHeaders().withBlobContentType(mimeType);
-            int status =
-                    blobURL.upload(Flowable.just(buffer), bytes.length, headers, null, null, null)
-                            .blockingGet()
-                            .statusCode();
-            if (!HttpStatus.valueOf(status).is2xxSuccessful()) {
-                throw new StorageException(
-                        "Failed to upload tile to Azure on container "
-                                + client.getContainerName()
-                                + " and key "
-                                + key
-                                + " got HTTP  status "
-                                + status);
-            }
-        } catch (RestException | IOException | MimeException e) {
+            Long length = blob.getSize();
+            BinaryData data = BinaryData.fromStream(is, length);
+            client.upload(key, data, mimeType);
+        } catch (StorageException e) {
             throw new StorageException(
                     "Failed to upload tile to Azure on container "
                             + client.getContainerName()
                             + " and key "
                             + key,
                     e);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new StorageException("Error obtaining date from TileObject " + obj);
         }
+
         // along with the metadata
         putParametersMetadata(obj.getLayerName(), obj.getParametersId(), obj.getParameters());
 
@@ -358,6 +344,16 @@ public void put(TileObject obj) throws StorageException {
         }
     }
 
+    private String getMimeType(TileObject obj) {
+        String mimeType;
+        try {
+            mimeType = MimeType.createFromFormat(obj.getBlobFormat()).getMimeType();
+        } catch (MimeException e) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
+        }
+        return mimeType;
+    }
+
     private void putParametersMetadata(
             String layerName, String parametersId, Map<String, String> parameters) {
         assert (isNull(parametersId) == isNull(parameters));
@@ -370,7 +366,7 @@ private void putParametersMetadata(
         try {
             client.putProperties(resourceKey, properties);
         } catch (StorageException e) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
         }
     }
 
@@ -384,9 +380,6 @@ public void clear() throws StorageException {
     @Override
     public void destroy() {
         shutDown = true;
-        if (client != null) {
-            client.close();
-        }
         if (deleteManager != null) {
             deleteManager.close();
         }
@@ -404,8 +397,11 @@ public boolean removeListener(BlobStoreListener listener) {
 
     @Override
     public boolean rename(String oldLayerName, String newLayerName) throws StorageException {
+        // revisit: this seems to hold true only for GeoServerTileLayer, "standalone" TileLayers
+        // return getName() from getId(), as in AbstractTileLayer. Unfortunately the only option
+        // for non-GeoServerTileLayers would be copy and delete. Expensive.
         log.fine("No need to rename layers, AzureBlobStore uses layer id as key root");
-        if (!client.listBlobs(oldLayerName, 1).isEmpty()) {
+        if (client.prefixExists(oldLayerName)) {
             listeners.sendLayerRenamed(oldLayerName, newLayerName);
         }
         return true;
@@ -415,8 +411,7 @@ public boolean rename(String oldLayerName, String newLayerName) throws StorageEx
     @Override
     public String getLayerMetadata(String layerName, String key) {
         Properties properties = getLayerMetadata(layerName);
-        String value = properties.getProperty(key);
-        return value;
+        return properties.getProperty(key);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -427,45 +422,35 @@ public void putLayerMetadata(String layerName, String key, String value) {
         try {
             client.putProperties(resourceKey, properties);
         } catch (StorageException e) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
         }
     }
 
     private Properties getLayerMetadata(String layerName) {
         String key = keyBuilder.layerMetadata(layerName);
-        try {
-            return client.getProperties(key);
-        } catch (StorageException e) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(e);
-        }
+        return client.getProperties(key);
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean layerExists(String layerName) {
-        final String coordsPrefix = keyBuilder.forLayer(layerName);
-        return !client.listBlobs(coordsPrefix, 1).isEmpty();
+        final String layerPrefix = keyBuilder.forLayer(layerName);
+        return client.prefixExists(layerPrefix);
     }
 
     @Override
     public Map<String, Optional<Map<String, String>>> getParametersMapping(String layerName) {
-        // going big, with MAX_VALUE, since at the end everything must be held in memory anyways
-        List<BlobItem> items =
-                client.listBlobs(keyBuilder.parametersMetadataPrefix(layerName), Integer.MAX_VALUE);
-        Map<String, Optional<Map<String, String>>> result = new HashMap<>();
-        try {
-            for (BlobItem item : items) {
-
-                Map<String, String> properties =
-                        client.getProperties(item.name()).entrySet().stream()
-                                .collect(
-                                        Collectors.toMap(
-                                                e -> (String) e.getKey(),
-                                                e -> (String) e.getValue()));
-                result.put(ParametersUtils.getId(properties), Optional.of(properties));
-            }
-            return result;
-        } catch (StorageException e) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to retrieve properties mappings", e);
-        }
+        // going big, retrieve all items, since at the end everything must be held in memory anyways
+        String parametersMetadataPrefix = keyBuilder.parametersMetadataPrefix(layerName);
+        Stream<BlobItem> items = client.listBlobs(parametersMetadataPrefix);
+
+        return items.map(BlobItem::getName)
+                .map(this::loadProperties)
+                .collect(Collectors.toMap(ParametersUtils::getId, Optional::ofNullable));
+    }
+
+    private Map<String, String> loadProperties(String blobKey) {
+        Properties properties = client.getProperties(blobKey);
+        return properties.entrySet().stream()
+                .collect(Collectors.toMap(e -> (String) e.getKey(), e -> (String) e.getValue()));
     }
 }
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreData.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreData.java
index 0bd12e95a..db30d793c 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreData.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreData.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public class AzureBlobStoreData {
     private String accountName;
     private String accountKey;
     private Integer maxConnections;
-    private Boolean useHTTPS;
+    private boolean useHTTPS;
     private String proxyHost;
     private Integer proxyPort;
     private String proxyUsername;
@@ -113,11 +113,11 @@ public void setMaxConnections(Integer maxConnections) {
         this.maxConnections = maxConnections;
     }
 
-    public Boolean isUseHTTPS() {
+    public boolean isUseHTTPS() {
         return useHTTPS;
     }
 
-    public void setUseHTTPS(Boolean useHTTPS) {
+    public void setUseHTTPS(boolean useHTTPS) {
         this.useHTTPS = useHTTPS;
     }
 
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ public void setProxyPort(Integer proxyPort) {
         this.proxyPort = proxyPort;
     }
 
+    /** unused */
     public String getProxyUsername() {
         return proxyUsername;
     }
@@ -145,6 +146,7 @@ public void setProxyUsername(String proxyUsername) {
         this.proxyUsername = proxyUsername;
     }
 
+    /** unused */
     public String getProxyPassword() {
         return proxyPassword;
     }
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreInfo.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreInfo.java
index 1812863e0..dcbadc6b3 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreInfo.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreInfo.java
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public class AzureBlobStoreInfo extends BlobStoreInfo {
 
     private String maxConnections;
 
-    private Boolean useHTTPS = true;
+    private boolean useHTTPS = true;
 
     private String proxyHost;
 
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ public Boolean isUseHTTPS() {
     }
 
     /** @param useHTTPS whether to use HTTPS (true) or HTTP (false) when talking to Azure */
-    public void setUseHTTPS(Boolean useHTTPS) {
+    public void setUseHTTPS(boolean useHTTPS) {
         this.useHTTPS = useHTTPS;
     }
 
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
         result = prime * result + ((proxyPort == null) ? 0 : proxyPort.hashCode());
         result = prime * result + ((proxyUsername == null) ? 0 : proxyUsername.hashCode());
         result = prime * result + ((serviceURL == null) ? 0 : serviceURL.hashCode());
-        result = prime * result + ((useHTTPS == null) ? 0 : useHTTPS.hashCode());
+        result = prime * result + (useHTTPS ? 1 : 0);
         return result;
     }
 
@@ -300,9 +300,7 @@ public boolean equals(Object obj) {
         if (serviceURL == null) {
             if (other.serviceURL != null) return false;
         } else if (!serviceURL.equals(other.serviceURL)) return false;
-        if (useHTTPS == null) {
-            if (other.useHTTPS != null) return false;
-        } else if (!useHTTPS.equals(other.useHTTPS)) return false;
+        if (useHTTPS != other.useHTTPS) return false;
         return true;
     }
 
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureClient.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureClient.java
index c56deab32..eb8b3ad52 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureClient.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureClient.java
@@ -14,122 +14,138 @@
  */
 package org.geowebcache.azure;
 
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.BlockBlobURL;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.ContainerURL;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.DownloadResponse;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.ListBlobsOptions;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.PipelineOptions;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.ServiceURL;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.SharedKeyCredentials;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.StorageURL;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobFlatListSegment;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobHTTPHeaders;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobItem;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.ContainerListBlobFlatSegmentResponse;
-import com.microsoft.rest.v2.RestException;
-import com.microsoft.rest.v2.http.HttpClient;
-import com.microsoft.rest.v2.http.HttpClientConfiguration;
-import com.microsoft.rest.v2.http.NettyClient;
-import com.microsoft.rest.v2.http.SharedChannelPoolOptions;
-import com.microsoft.rest.v2.util.FlowableUtil;
-import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
-import io.reactivex.Flowable;
+import com.azure.core.credential.AzureNamedKeyCredential;
+import com.azure.core.http.HttpClient;
+import com.azure.core.http.ProxyOptions;
+import com.azure.core.http.ProxyOptions.Type;
+import com.azure.core.http.rest.PagedIterable;
+import com.azure.core.http.rest.Response;
+import com.azure.core.util.BinaryData;
+import com.azure.core.util.ClientOptions;
+import com.azure.core.util.Context;
+import com.azure.core.util.HttpClientOptions;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.BlobClient;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.BlobContainerClient;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.BlobServiceClient;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.BlobServiceClientBuilder;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobDownloadContentResponse;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobHttpHeaders;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobItem;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobRequestConditions;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobStorageException;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlockBlobItem;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.DownloadRetryOptions;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.ListBlobsOptions;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.options.BlockBlobSimpleUploadOptions;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.specialized.BlockBlobClient;
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
-import java.io.Closeable;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.net.Proxy;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
+import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
 import org.geowebcache.storage.StorageException;
-import org.geowebcache.util.URLs;
 import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
 
-public class AzureClient implements Closeable {
+public class AzureClient {
 
-    private final NettyClient.Factory factory;
     private AzureBlobStoreData configuration;
-    private final ContainerURL container;
+    private final BlobContainerClient container;
 
     public AzureClient(AzureBlobStoreData configuration) throws StorageException {
         this.configuration = configuration;
-        try {
-            SharedKeyCredentials creds =
-                    new SharedKeyCredentials(
-                            configuration.getAccountName(), configuration.getAccountKey());
-
-            // setup the HTTPClient, keep the factory on the side to close it down on destroy
-            factory =
-                    new NettyClient.Factory(
-                            new Bootstrap(),
-                            0,
-                            new SharedChannelPoolOptions()
-                                    .withPoolSize(configuration.getMaxConnections()),
-                            null);
-            final HttpClient client;
-            Proxy proxy = configuration.getProxy();
-            // not clear how to use credentials for proxy,
-            // https://github.com/Azure/autorest-clientruntime-for-java/issues/624
-            if (proxy != null) {
-                HttpClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = new HttpClientConfiguration(proxy);
-                client = factory.create(clientConfiguration);
-            } else {
-                client = factory.create(null);
-            }
 
-            // build the container access
-            PipelineOptions options = new PipelineOptions().withClient(client);
-            ServiceURL serviceURL =
-                    new ServiceURL(
-                            URLs.of(getServiceURL(configuration)),
-                            StorageURL.createPipeline(creds, options));
+        try {
+            BlobServiceClient serviceClient = createBlobServiceClient(configuration);
 
             String containerName = configuration.getContainer();
-            this.container = serviceURL.createContainerURL(containerName);
-            // no way to see if the containerURL already exists, try to create and see if
-            // we get a 409 CONFLICT
-            int status;
-            try {
-                status = this.container.getProperties().blockingGet().statusCode();
-            } catch (com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.StorageException se) {
-                status = se.statusCode();
-            }
-            try {
-                if (status == HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value()) {
-                    status = this.container.create(null, null, null).blockingGet().statusCode();
-                    if (!HttpStatus.valueOf(status).is2xxSuccessful()
-                            && status != HttpStatus.CONFLICT.value()) {
-                        throw new StorageException(
-                                "Failed to create container "
-                                        + containerName
-                                        + ", REST API returned a "
-                                        + status);
-                    }
-                }
-            } catch (RestException e) {
-                if (e.response().statusCode() != HttpStatus.CONFLICT.value()) {
-                    throw new StorageException("Failed to create container", e);
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
+            this.container = getOrCreateContainer(serviceClient, containerName);
+        } catch (StorageException e) {
+            throw e;
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
             throw new StorageException("Failed to setup Azure connection and container", e);
         }
     }
 
-    public String getServiceURL(AzureBlobStoreData configuration) {
+    BlobContainerClient getOrCreateContainer(BlobServiceClient serviceClient, String containerName)
+            throws StorageException {
+
+        BlobContainerClient container = serviceClient.getBlobContainerClient(containerName);
+        if (!container.exists()) {
+            // use createIfNotExists() instead of create() in case multiple instances are
+            // starting up at the same time
+            boolean created = container.createIfNotExists();
+            if (!created && !container.exists()) {
+                throw new StorageException("Failed to create container " + containerName);
+            }
+        }
+        return container;
+    }
+
+    BlobServiceClient createBlobServiceClient(AzureBlobStoreData configuration) {
+        String serviceURL = getServiceURL(configuration);
+        AzureNamedKeyCredential creds = getCredentials(configuration);
+        ClientOptions clientOpts = new ClientOptions();
+        HttpClient httpClient = createHttpClient(configuration);
+        BlobServiceClientBuilder builder =
+                new BlobServiceClientBuilder()
+                        .endpoint(serviceURL)
+                        .clientOptions(clientOpts)
+                        .httpClient(httpClient);
+        if (null != creds) {
+            builder = builder.credential(creds);
+        }
+        return builder.buildClient();
+    }
+
+    AzureNamedKeyCredential getCredentials(AzureBlobStoreData configuration) {
+        String accountName = configuration.getAccountName();
+        String accountKey = configuration.getAccountKey();
+        if (null != accountName && null != accountKey) {
+            return new AzureNamedKeyCredential(accountName, accountKey);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    HttpClient createHttpClient(AzureBlobStoreData blobStoreConfig) {
+
+        @Nullable Integer maxConnections = blobStoreConfig.getMaxConnections();
+        @Nullable ProxyOptions proxyOptions = getProxyOptions(blobStoreConfig);
+
+        HttpClientOptions opts = new HttpClientOptions();
+        opts.setProxyOptions(proxyOptions);
+        opts.setMaximumConnectionPoolSize(maxConnections);
+        return HttpClient.createDefault(opts);
+    }
+
+    ProxyOptions getProxyOptions(AzureBlobStoreData blobStoreConfig) {
+        ProxyOptions proxyOptions = null;
+        Proxy proxy = blobStoreConfig.getProxy();
+        if (null != proxy) {
+            ProxyOptions.Type type = Type.HTTP;
+            InetSocketAddress address = (InetSocketAddress) proxy.address();
+            String proxyUsername = blobStoreConfig.getProxyUsername();
+            String proxyPassword = blobStoreConfig.getProxyPassword();
+
+            proxyOptions = new ProxyOptions(type, address);
+            proxyOptions.setCredentials(proxyUsername, proxyPassword);
+        }
+        return proxyOptions;
+    }
+
+    String getServiceURL(AzureBlobStoreData configuration) {
         String serviceURL = configuration.getServiceURL();
         if (serviceURL == null) {
             // default to account name based location
-            serviceURL =
-                    (configuration.isUseHTTPS() ? "https" : "http")
-                            + "://"
-                            + configuration.getAccountName()
-                            + ".blob.core.windows.net";
+            String proto = configuration.isUseHTTPS() ? "https" : "http";
+            String account = configuration.getAccountName();
+            serviceURL = String.format("%s://%s.blob.core.windows.net", proto, account);
         }
         return serviceURL;
     }
@@ -138,30 +154,41 @@ public String getServiceURL(AzureBlobStoreData configuration) {
      * Returns a blob for the given key (may not exist yet, and in need of being created)
      *
      * @param key The blob key
+     * @return
      */
-    public BlockBlobURL getBlockBlobURL(String key) {
-        return container.createBlockBlobURL(key);
+    public BlockBlobClient getBlockBlobClient(String key) {
+        BlobClient blobClient = container.getBlobClient(key);
+        return blobClient.getBlockBlobClient();
     }
 
-    @Nullable
-    public byte[] getBytes(String key) throws StorageException {
-        BlockBlobURL blob = getBlockBlobURL(key);
+    /**
+     * @return the blob's download response, or {@code null} if not found
+     * @throws BlobStorageException
+     */
+    public BlobDownloadContentResponse download(String key) {
+        BlobClient blobClient = container.getBlobClient(key);
+        DownloadRetryOptions options = new DownloadRetryOptions().setMaxRetryRequests(0);
+        BlobRequestConditions conditions = null;
+        Duration timeout = null;
+        Context context = Context.NONE;
         try {
-            DownloadResponse response = blob.download().blockingGet();
-            ByteBuffer buffer =
-                    FlowableUtil.collectBytesInBuffer(response.body(null)).blockingGet();
-            byte[] result = new byte[buffer.remaining()];
-            buffer.get(result);
-            return result;
-        } catch (RestException e) {
-            if (e.response().statusCode() == 404) {
+            return blobClient.downloadContentWithResponse(options, conditions, timeout, context);
+        } catch (BlobStorageException e) {
+            if (e.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value()) {
                 return null;
             }
-            throw new StorageException("Failed to retreive bytes for " + key, e);
+            throw e;
         }
     }
 
-    public Properties getProperties(String key) throws StorageException {
+    /** @throws BlobStorageException If an I/O error occurs. */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getBytes(String key) {
+        BlobDownloadContentResponse download = download(key);
+        return download == null ? null : download.getValue().toBytes();
+    }
+
+    public Properties getProperties(String key) {
         Properties properties = new Properties();
         byte[] bytes = getBytes(key);
         if (bytes != null) {
@@ -170,7 +197,7 @@ public Properties getProperties(String key) throws StorageException {
                         new InputStreamReader(
                                 new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
             } catch (IOException e) {
-                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
             }
         }
         return properties;
@@ -178,64 +205,95 @@ public Properties getProperties(String key) throws StorageException {
 
     public void putProperties(String resourceKey, Properties properties) throws StorageException {
 
-        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        String contentType = "text/plain";
+        BinaryData data = toBinaryData(properties);
+
         try {
-            properties.store(out, "");
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            upload(resourceKey, data, contentType);
+        } catch (StorageException e) {
+            throw new StorageException(
+                    "Failed to update e property file at " + resourceKey, e.getCause());
         }
+    }
 
+    public void upload(String resourceKey, BinaryData data, String contentType)
+            throws StorageException {
+
+        BlockBlobSimpleUploadOptions upload = new BlockBlobSimpleUploadOptions(data);
+        upload.setHeaders(new BlobHttpHeaders().setContentType(contentType));
+        Duration timeout = null;
+        Context context = Context.NONE;
+
+        Response<BlockBlobItem> response;
         try {
-            BlockBlobURL blob = getBlockBlobURL(resourceKey);
-            byte[] bytes = out.toByteArray();
-            ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
-            BlobHTTPHeaders headers = new BlobHTTPHeaders();
-            headers.withBlobContentType("text/plain");
-
-            int status =
-                    blob.upload(Flowable.just(buffer), bytes.length, headers, null, null, null)
-                            .blockingGet()
-                            .statusCode();
-            if (!HttpStatus.valueOf(status).is2xxSuccessful()) {
-                throw new StorageException(
-                        "Upload request failed with status "
-                                + status
-                                + " on resource "
-                                + resourceKey);
-            }
-        } catch (RestException e) {
-            throw new StorageException("Failed to update e property file at " + resourceKey, e);
+            BlockBlobClient blob = getBlockBlobClient(resourceKey);
+            response = blob.uploadWithResponse(upload, timeout, context);
+        } catch (UncheckedIOException e) {
+            throw new StorageException("Failed to upload blob " + resourceKey, e.getCause());
+        }
+        int status = response.getStatusCode();
+        if (!HttpStatus.valueOf(status).is2xxSuccessful()) {
+            throw new StorageException(
+                    "Upload request failed with status " + status + " on resource " + resourceKey);
         }
     }
 
-    public List<BlobItem> listBlobs(String prefix, Integer maxResults) {
-        ContainerListBlobFlatSegmentResponse response =
-                container
-                        .listBlobsFlatSegment(
-                                null,
-                                new ListBlobsOptions()
-                                        .withPrefix(prefix)
-                                        .withMaxResults(maxResults))
-                        .blockingGet();
-
-        BlobFlatListSegment segment = response.body().segment();
-        List<BlobItem> items = new ArrayList<>();
-        if (segment != null) {
-            items.addAll(segment.blobItems());
+    private BinaryData toBinaryData(Properties properties) {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        try {
+            properties.store(out, "");
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
         }
-        return items;
+        return BinaryData.fromBytes(out.toByteArray());
+    }
+
+    public boolean blobExists(String key) {
+        return getBlockBlobClient(key).exists();
+    }
+
+    public boolean prefixExists(String prefix) {
+        return listBlobs(prefix, 1).findFirst().isPresent();
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public void close() {
-        factory.close();
+    /**
+     * @param prefix
+     * @return an internally paged Stream, with the default items-per-page setting of {@link
+     *     ListBlobsOptions#getMaxResultsPerPage() 5000}
+     */
+    public Stream<BlobItem> listBlobs(String prefix) {
+        return listBlobs(prefix, 5_000);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param prefix
+     * @param maxResultsPerPage used to control how many items Azure will return per page. It's not
+     *     the max results to return entirely, so use it with caution.
+     * @return an internally paged (as per {@code maxResultsPerPage}) Stream.
+     */
+    public Stream<BlobItem> listBlobs(String prefix, int maxResultsPerPage) {
+        ListBlobsOptions opts = new ListBlobsOptions().setPrefix(prefix);
+
+        // if > 5000, Azure will return 5000 items per page
+        opts.setMaxResultsPerPage(maxResultsPerPage);
+
+        // An optional timeout value beyond which a {@link RuntimeException} will be
+        // raised. revisit: set a timeout?
+        Duration timeout = null;
+        PagedIterable<BlobItem> blobs = container.listBlobs(opts, timeout);
+        return blobs.stream();
     }
 
     public String getContainerName() {
         return configuration.getContainer();
     }
 
-    public ContainerURL getContainer() {
+    public BlobContainerClient getContainer() {
         return container;
     }
+
+    public boolean deleteBlob(String key) {
+        BlockBlobClient metadata = getBlockBlobClient(key);
+        return metadata.deleteIfExists();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/DeleteManager.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/DeleteManager.java
index efce89a94..0c5e4204d 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/DeleteManager.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/main/java/org/geowebcache/azure/DeleteManager.java
@@ -15,17 +15,16 @@
 package org.geowebcache.azure;
 
 import static org.geowebcache.azure.AzureBlobStore.log;
-import static org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND;
 
-import com.google.common.base.Strings;
+import com.azure.core.http.rest.PagedResponse;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.BlobContainerClient;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobItem;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.ListBlobsOptions;
 import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ThreadFactoryBuilder;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.ContainerURL;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.ListBlobsOptions;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobFlatListSegment;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobItem;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.ContainerListBlobFlatSegmentResponse;
-import com.microsoft.rest.v2.RestException;
 import java.io.Closeable;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -47,7 +46,6 @@
 import org.geowebcache.locks.LockProvider.Lock;
 import org.geowebcache.storage.StorageException;
 import org.geowebcache.util.TMSKeyBuilder;
-import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
 
 /**
  * Class handling deletes, which are normally handled in an asynchronous way in all other stores as
@@ -98,22 +96,21 @@ private static ExecutorService createDeleteExecutorService(
         return Executors.newFixedThreadPool(parallelism, tf);
     }
 
-    // Azure, like S3, truncates timestamps to seconds precision and does not allow to
-    // programmatically set the last modified time
+    // Azure, like S3, truncates timestamps to seconds precision and does not allow
+    // to programmatically set the last modified time
     private long currentTimeSeconds() {
-        final long timestamp = (long) Math.ceil(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000D) * 1000L;
-        return timestamp;
+        return Instant.now().getEpochSecond();
     }
 
     /**
      * Executes the provided iterator of callables on the delete executor, returning their results
      */
     public void executeParallel(List<Callable<?>> callables) throws StorageException {
-        List<Future> futures = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<Future<?>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
         for (Callable<?> callable : callables) {
             futures.add(deleteExecutor.submit(callable));
         }
-        for (Future future : futures) {
+        for (Future<?> future : futures) {
             try {
                 future.get();
             } catch (Exception e) {
@@ -176,10 +173,11 @@ public void issuePendingBulkDeletes() throws StorageException {
             for (Map.Entry<Object, Object> e : deletes.entrySet()) {
                 final String prefix = e.getKey().toString();
                 final long timestamp = Long.parseLong(e.getValue().toString());
-                log.info(
-                        String.format(
-                                "Restarting pending bulk delete on '%s/%s':%d",
-                                client.getContainerName(), prefix, timestamp));
+                if (log.isLoggable(Level.INFO))
+                    log.info(
+                            String.format(
+                                    "Restarting pending bulk delete on '%s/%s':%d",
+                                    client.getContainerName(), prefix, timestamp));
                 if (!asyncDelete(prefix, timestamp)) {
                     deletesToClear.add(prefix);
                 }
@@ -199,11 +197,12 @@ public void issuePendingBulkDeletes() throws StorageException {
 
     public synchronized boolean asyncDelete(String prefix, long timestamp) {
         // do we have anything to delete?
-        if (client.listBlobs(prefix, 1).isEmpty()) {
+        if (!client.prefixExists(prefix)) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        // is there any task already deleting a larger set of times in the same prefix folder?
+        // is there any task already deleting a larger set of times in the same prefix
+        // folder?
         Long currentTaskTime = pendingDeletesKeyTime.get(prefix);
         if (currentTaskTime != null && currentTaskTime.longValue() > timestamp) {
             return false;
@@ -216,38 +215,6 @@ public synchronized boolean asyncDelete(String prefix, long timestamp) {
         return true;
     }
 
-    private void clearPendingBulkDelete(final String prefix, final long timestamp)
-            throws GeoWebCacheException {
-        Long taskTime = pendingDeletesKeyTime.get(prefix);
-        if (taskTime == null) {
-            return; // someone else cleared it up for us. A task that run after this one but
-            // finished before?
-        }
-        if (taskTime.longValue() > timestamp) {
-            return; // someone else issued a bulk delete after this one for the same key prefix
-        }
-        final String pendingDeletesKey = keyBuilder.pendingDeletes();
-        final Lock lock = locks.getLock(pendingDeletesKey);
-
-        try {
-            Properties deletes = client.getProperties(pendingDeletesKey);
-            String storedVal = (String) deletes.remove(prefix);
-            long storedTimestamp = storedVal == null ? Long.MIN_VALUE : Long.parseLong(storedVal);
-            if (timestamp >= storedTimestamp) {
-                client.putProperties(pendingDeletesKey, deletes);
-            } else {
-                log.info(
-                        String.format(
-                                "bulk delete finished but there's a newer one ongoing for container '%s/%s'",
-                                client.getContainerName(), prefix));
-            }
-        } catch (StorageException e) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(e);
-        } finally {
-            lock.release();
-        }
-    }
-
     @Override
     public void close() {
         deleteExecutor.shutdownNow();
@@ -267,34 +234,26 @@ public Long call() throws Exception {
             long count = 0L;
             try {
                 checkInterrupted();
-                log.info(
-                        String.format(
-                                "Running bulk delete on '%s/%s':%d",
-                                client.getContainerName(), prefix, timestamp));
+                if (log.isLoggable(Level.INFO))
+                    log.info(
+                            String.format(
+                                    "Running bulk delete on '%s/%s':%d",
+                                    client.getContainerName(), prefix, timestamp));
 
-                ContainerURL container = client.getContainer();
+                BlobContainerClient container = client.getContainer();
 
                 int jobPageSize = Math.max(concurrency, PAGE_SIZE);
                 ListBlobsOptions options =
-                        new ListBlobsOptions().withPrefix(prefix).withMaxResults(jobPageSize);
-                ContainerListBlobFlatSegmentResponse response =
-                        container.listBlobsFlatSegment(null, options, null).blockingGet();
-
-                Predicate<BlobItem> filter =
-                        blobItem -> {
-                            long lastModified =
-                                    blobItem.properties().lastModified().toEpochSecond() * 1000;
-                            return timestamp >= lastModified;
-                        };
-
-                while (response.body().segment() != null) {
-                    checkInterrupted();
-                    deleteItems(container, response.body().segment(), filter);
-                    String marker = response.body().nextMarker();
-                    // marker will be empty if there is no next page
-                    if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(marker)) break;
-                    // fetch next page
-                    response = container.listBlobsFlatSegment(marker, options, null).blockingGet();
+                        new ListBlobsOptions().setPrefix(prefix).setMaxResultsPerPage(jobPageSize);
+                Iterable<PagedResponse<BlobItem>> response =
+                        container.listBlobs(options, null).iterableByPage();
+
+                for (PagedResponse<BlobItem> segment : response) {
+                    try (PagedResponse<BlobItem> s = segment) { // try-with-resources to please PMD
+                        checkInterrupted();
+                        List<BlobItem> items = s.getValue();
+                        count += deleteItems(container, items, this::equalOrAfter);
+                    }
                 }
             } catch (InterruptedException | IllegalStateException e) {
                 log.info(
@@ -302,7 +261,7 @@ public Long call() throws Exception {
                                 "Azure bulk delete aborted for '%s/%s'. Will resume on next startup.",
                                 client.getContainerName(), prefix));
                 throw e;
-            } catch (Exception e) {
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                 log.log(
                         Level.WARNING,
                         String.format(
@@ -312,26 +271,67 @@ public Long call() throws Exception {
                 throw e;
             }
 
-            log.info(
-                    String.format(
-                            "Finished bulk delete on '%s/%s':%d. %d objects deleted",
-                            client.getContainerName(), prefix, timestamp, count));
+            if (log.isLoggable(Level.INFO))
+                log.info(
+                        String.format(
+                                "Finished bulk delete on '%s/%s':%d. %d objects deleted",
+                                client.getContainerName(), prefix, timestamp, count));
 
             clearPendingBulkDelete(prefix, timestamp);
             return count;
         }
 
+        private boolean equalOrAfter(BlobItem blobItem) {
+            OffsetDateTime lastModified = blobItem.getProperties().getLastModified();
+            long lastModifiedSecs = lastModified.toEpochSecond();
+            return timestamp >= lastModifiedSecs;
+        }
+
+        private void clearPendingBulkDelete(final String prefix, final long timestamp)
+                throws GeoWebCacheException {
+            Long taskTime = pendingDeletesKeyTime.get(prefix);
+            if (taskTime == null) {
+                return; // someone else cleared it up for us. A task that run after this one but
+                // finished before?
+            }
+            if (taskTime.longValue() > timestamp) {
+                return; // someone else issued a bulk delete after this one for the same key prefix
+            }
+            final String pendingDeletesKey = keyBuilder.pendingDeletes();
+            final Lock lock = locks.getLock(pendingDeletesKey);
+
+            try {
+                Properties deletes = client.getProperties(pendingDeletesKey);
+                String storedVal = (String) deletes.remove(prefix);
+                long storedTimestamp =
+                        storedVal == null ? Long.MIN_VALUE : Long.parseLong(storedVal);
+                if (timestamp >= storedTimestamp) {
+                    client.putProperties(pendingDeletesKey, deletes);
+                } else if (log.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                    log.info(
+                            String.format(
+                                    "bulk delete finished but there's a newer one ongoing for container '%s/%s'",
+                                    client.getContainerName(), prefix));
+                }
+            } catch (StorageException e) {
+                throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
+            } finally {
+                lock.release();
+            }
+        }
+
         private long deleteItems(
-                ContainerURL container, BlobFlatListSegment segment, Predicate<BlobItem> filter)
+                BlobContainerClient container, List<BlobItem> segment, Predicate<BlobItem> filter)
                 throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
+
             List<Future<Object>> collect =
-                    segment.blobItems().stream()
-                            .filter(item -> filter.test(item))
+                    segment.stream()
+                            .filter(filter)
                             .map(
                                     item ->
                                             deleteExecutor.submit(
                                                     () -> {
-                                                        deleteItem(container, item);
+                                                        deleteItem(container, item.getName());
                                                         return null;
                                                     }))
                             .collect(Collectors.toList());
@@ -341,27 +341,6 @@ private long deleteItems(
             }
             return collect.size();
         }
-
-        private void deleteItem(ContainerURL container, BlobItem item) {
-            String key = item.name();
-            try {
-
-                int status = container.createBlobURL(key).delete().blockingGet().statusCode();
-                if (status != NOT_FOUND.value() && !HttpStatus.valueOf(status).is2xxSuccessful()) {
-                    throw new RuntimeException(
-                            "Deletion failed with status " + status + " on resource " + key);
-                }
-            } catch (RestException e) {
-                if (e.response().statusCode() != NOT_FOUND.value()) {
-                    throw new RuntimeException(
-                            "Deletion failed with status "
-                                    + e.response().statusCode()
-                                    + " on resource "
-                                    + key,
-                            e);
-                }
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     public class KeysBulkDelete implements Callable<Long> {
@@ -385,7 +364,7 @@ public Long call() throws Exception {
                                     keys.subList(0, Math.min(keys.size(), 100))));
                 }
 
-                ContainerURL container = client.getContainer();
+                BlobContainerClient container = client.getContainer();
 
                 for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i += PAGE_SIZE) {
                     deleteItems(container, keys.subList(i, Math.min(i + PAGE_SIZE, keys.size())));
@@ -398,50 +377,30 @@ public Long call() throws Exception {
                 throw e;
             }
 
-            log.info(
-                    String.format(
-                            "Finished bulk delete on %s, %d objects deleted",
-                            client.getContainerName(), count));
+            if (log.isLoggable(Level.INFO))
+                log.info(
+                        String.format(
+                                "Finished bulk delete on %s, %d objects deleted",
+                                client.getContainerName(), count));
             return count;
         }
 
-        private long deleteItems(ContainerURL container, List<String> itemNames)
+        private long deleteItems(BlobContainerClient container, List<String> itemNames)
                 throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
-            List<Future<Object>> collect =
+            List<Future<Boolean>> collect =
                     itemNames.stream()
-                            .map(
-                                    item ->
-                                            deleteExecutor.submit(
-                                                    () -> {
-                                                        return deleteItem(container, item);
-                                                    }))
+                            .map(item -> deleteExecutor.submit(() -> deleteItem(container, item)))
                             .collect(Collectors.toList());
 
-            for (Future<Object> f : collect) {
+            for (Future<Boolean> f : collect) {
                 f.get();
             }
             return collect.size();
         }
+    }
 
-        private Object deleteItem(ContainerURL container, String item) {
-            try {
-                int status = container.createBlobURL(item).delete().blockingGet().statusCode();
-                if (status != NOT_FOUND.value() && !HttpStatus.valueOf(status).is2xxSuccessful()) {
-                    throw new RuntimeException(
-                            "Deletion failed with status " + status + " on resource " + item);
-                }
-            } catch (RestException e) {
-                if (e.response().statusCode() != NOT_FOUND.value()) {
-                    throw new RuntimeException(
-                            "Deletion failed with status "
-                                    + e.response().statusCode()
-                                    + " on resource "
-                                    + item,
-                            e);
-                }
-            }
-            return null;
-        }
+    private boolean deleteItem(BlobContainerClient container, String key) {
+        return container.getBlobClient(key).deleteIfExists();
     }
 
     void checkInterrupted() throws InterruptedException {
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreIntegrationTest.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreIntegrationTest.java
index 2c4ba5f34..5906f9e7b 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreIntegrationTest.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreIntegrationTest.java
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public void before() throws Exception {
         TileLayerDispatcher layers = mock(TileLayerDispatcher.class);
         LockProvider lockProvider = new NoOpLockProvider();
         TileLayer layer = mock(TileLayer.class);
-        when(layers.getTileLayer(eq(DEFAULT_LAYER))).thenReturn(layer);
+        when(layers.getTileLayer(DEFAULT_LAYER)).thenReturn(layer);
         when(layer.getName()).thenReturn(DEFAULT_LAYER);
         when(layer.getId()).thenReturn(DEFAULT_LAYER);
         blobStore = new AzureBlobStore(config, layers, lockProvider);
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreSuitabilityTest.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreSuitabilityTest.java
index 22e6688b9..ea56ca3d9 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreSuitabilityTest.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/AzureBlobStoreSuitabilityTest.java
@@ -18,8 +18,11 @@
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.hasItemInArray;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
-import io.reactivex.Flowable;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import com.azure.core.http.rest.Response;
+import com.azure.core.util.BinaryData;
+import com.azure.core.util.Context;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlockBlobItem;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.options.BlockBlobSimpleUploadOptions;
 import org.easymock.EasyMock;
 import org.geowebcache.azure.tests.container.AzuriteAzureBlobStoreSuitabilityIT;
 import org.geowebcache.azure.tests.online.OnlineAzureBlobStoreSuitabilityIT;
@@ -63,13 +66,13 @@ public void setup() throws Exception {
 
     protected abstract AzureClient getClient();
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
     @Override
     protected Matcher<Object> existing() {
         return (Matcher) hasItemInArray(equalTo("metadata.properties"));
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
     @Override
     protected Matcher<Object> empty() {
         return (Matcher) Matchers.emptyArray();
@@ -80,14 +83,13 @@ public BlobStore create(Object dir) throws Exception {
         AzureBlobStoreData info = getConfiguration();
         for (String path : (String[]) dir) {
             String fullPath = info.getPrefix() + "/" + path;
-            ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap("testAbc".getBytes());
-            int statusCode =
+            BinaryData data = BinaryData.fromString("testAbc");
+            Response<BlockBlobItem> response =
                     getClient()
-                            .getBlockBlobURL(fullPath)
-                            .upload(Flowable.just(byteBuffer), byteBuffer.limit())
-                            .blockingGet()
-                            .statusCode();
-            assertTrue(HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode).is2xxSuccessful());
+                            .getBlockBlobClient(fullPath)
+                            .uploadWithResponse(
+                                    new BlockBlobSimpleUploadOptions(data), null, Context.NONE);
+            assertTrue(HttpStatus.valueOf(response.getStatusCode()).is2xxSuccessful());
         }
         return new AzureBlobStore(info, tld, locks);
     }
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreConformanceIT.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreConformanceIT.java
index 58c0abfab..aae6b52cd 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreConformanceIT.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreConformanceIT.java
@@ -30,14 +30,8 @@
  */
 public class AzuriteAzureBlobStoreConformanceIT extends AzureBlobStoreConformanceTest {
 
-    /**
-     * Use "legacy" container to work with {@literal
-     * com.microsoft.azure:azure-storage-blob:jar:11.0.0}. Instantiate it as
-     * AzuriteContainer.legacy().debugLegacy() to print out request/response information for
-     * debugging purposes
-     */
     @ClassRule
-    public static AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.legacy().disabledWithoutDocker();
+    public static AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.latest().disabledWithoutDocker();
 
     /** Used to get a per-test case Azure container */
     @Rule public TestName testName = new TestName();
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT.java
index 9f4fba858..ac5ca2763 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT.java
@@ -30,14 +30,8 @@
  */
 public class AzuriteAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT extends AzureBlobStoreIntegrationTest {
 
-    /**
-     * Use "legacy" container to work with {@literal
-     * com.microsoft.azure:azure-storage-blob:jar:11.0.0}. Instantiate it as
-     * AzuriteContainer.legacy().debugLegacy() to print out request/response information for
-     * debugging purposes
-     */
     @ClassRule
-    public static AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.legacy().disabledWithoutDocker();
+    public static AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.latest().disabledWithoutDocker();
 
     /** Used to get a per-test case Azure container */
     @Rule public TestName testName = new TestName();
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreSuitabilityIT.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreSuitabilityIT.java
index 3cdc8c164..ed7298e8d 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreSuitabilityIT.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/container/AzuriteAzureBlobStoreSuitabilityIT.java
@@ -34,14 +34,8 @@
  */
 public class AzuriteAzureBlobStoreSuitabilityIT extends AzureBlobStoreSuitabilityTest {
 
-    /**
-     * Use "legacy" container to work with {@literal
-     * com.microsoft.azure:azure-storage-blob:jar:11.0.0}. Instantiate it as
-     * AzuriteContainer.legacy().debugLegacy() to print out request/response information for
-     * debugging purposes
-     */
     @ClassRule
-    public static AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.legacy().disabledWithoutDocker();
+    public static AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.latest().disabledWithoutDocker();
 
     /** Used to get a per-test case Azure container */
     @Rule public TestName testName = new TestName();
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/online/OnlineAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/online/OnlineAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT.java
index 25a07b89d..957102153 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/online/OnlineAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/online/OnlineAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT.java
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 import org.junit.Assume;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
-import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
 
 public class OnlineAzureBlobStoreIntegrationIT extends AzureBlobStoreIntegrationTest {
 
@@ -41,14 +40,8 @@ protected AzureBlobStoreData getConfiguration() {
     public void testCreatesStoreMetadataOnStart() {
         String prefix = tempFolder.getConfig().getPrefix();
         // if the file does not exist a StorageException will be thrown
-        int status =
-                tempFolder
-                        .getClient()
-                        .getBlockBlobURL(prefix + "/metadata.properties")
-                        .getProperties()
-                        .blockingGet()
-                        .statusCode();
-        assertTrue(
-                "Expected success but got " + status, HttpStatus.valueOf(status).is2xxSuccessful());
+        String key = prefix + "/metadata.properties";
+        boolean exists = tempFolder.getClient().getBlockBlobClient(key).exists();
+        assertTrue("blob " + key + " does not exist", exists);
     }
 }
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/online/TemporaryAzureFolder.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/online/TemporaryAzureFolder.java
index 89774b3db..c6d8222b7 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/online/TemporaryAzureFolder.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/azure/tests/online/TemporaryAzureFolder.java
@@ -17,15 +17,14 @@
 import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.BlockBlobURL;
-import com.microsoft.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobItem;
-import java.util.List;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.models.BlobItem;
+import com.azure.storage.blob.specialized.BlockBlobClient;
 import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 import org.geowebcache.azure.AzureBlobStoreData;
 import org.geowebcache.azure.AzureClient;
 import org.junit.rules.ExternalResource;
-import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
 
 /**
  * The TemporaryAzureFolder provides a path prefix for Azure storage and deletes all resources under
@@ -71,7 +70,6 @@ protected void after() {
             delete();
         } finally {
             temporaryPrefix = null;
-            client.close();
         }
     }
 
@@ -117,13 +115,14 @@ public void delete() {
             return;
         }
 
-        List<BlobItem> blobs = client.listBlobs(temporaryPrefix, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
-        for (BlobItem blob : blobs) {
-            BlockBlobURL blockBlobURL = client.getBlockBlobURL(blob.name());
-            int status = blockBlobURL.delete().blockingGet().statusCode();
-            assertTrue(
-                    "Expected success but got " + status + " while deleting " + blob.name(),
-                    HttpStatus.valueOf(status).is2xxSuccessful());
+        try (Stream<BlobItem> blobs = client.listBlobs(temporaryPrefix)) {
+            blobs.forEach(
+                    blob -> {
+                        BlockBlobClient blockBlobURL = client.getBlockBlobClient(blob.getName());
+                        assertTrue(
+                                "Expected success while deleting " + blob.getName(),
+                                blockBlobURL.deleteIfExists());
+                    });
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/testcontainers/azure/AzuriteContainer.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/testcontainers/azure/AzuriteContainer.java
index fb8d06b60..857122c6f 100644
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/testcontainers/azure/AzuriteContainer.java
+++ b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/testcontainers/azure/AzuriteContainer.java
@@ -18,9 +18,7 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 
-import java.io.IOException;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
-import org.apache.commons.lang3.exception.UncheckedException;
 import org.geowebcache.azure.AzureBlobStoreData;
 import org.geowebcache.azure.tests.container.AzuriteAzureBlobStoreConformanceIT;
 import org.junit.Assume;
@@ -33,14 +31,15 @@
 
 /**
  * <a href="https://java.testcontainers.org/">Testcontainers</a> container for AWS <a href=
- * "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/common/storage-use-azurite">Azurite</a>
- * blobstore test environment.
+ * "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/common/storage-use-azurite">Azurite</a> Azure
+ * Storage Emulator.
  *
  * <p>Runs the <a href=
  * "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/common/storage-use-azurite?tabs=docker-hub%2Cblob-storage">Azurite
  * Docker image</a> for local Azure Storage development with testcontainers.
  *
- * <p>Azurite accepts the same well-known account and key used by the legacy Azure Storage Emulator:
+ * <p>Azurite sets up the following well-known account and key for the Azure Storage Emulator,
+ * available through {@link #getAccountName()} and {@link #getAccountKey()}:
  *
  * <ul>
  *   <li>Account name: {@code devstoreaccount1}
@@ -52,15 +51,7 @@
  *
  * <pre>
  * <code>
- *   @Rule public AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.legacy();
- * </code>
- * </pre>
- *
- * works with the old {@code com.microsoft.azure:azure-storage-blob:jar:11.0.0} as a dependency.
- *
- * <pre>
- * <code>
- *   @Rule public AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.legacy();
+ *   @Rule public AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.latest();
  * </code>
  * </pre>
  *
@@ -70,7 +61,7 @@
  *
  * <pre>
  * <code>
- *   @ClassRule public static AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.legacy();
+ *   @ClassRule public static AzuriteContainer azurite = AzuriteContainer.latest();
  *
  *   @Test
  *   public void azureBlobStoreSmokeTest(){
@@ -87,78 +78,24 @@ public class AzuriteContainer extends GenericContainer<AzuriteContainer> {
     private static final DockerImageName LATEST_IMAGE =
             DockerImageName.parse("mcr.microsoft.com/azure-storage/azurite:latest");
 
-    private static final DockerImageName LEGACY_IMAGE =
-            DockerImageName.parse("arafato/azurite:2.6.5");
-
     private final String accountName = "devstoreaccount1";
     private final String accountKey =
             "Eby8vdM02xNOcqFlqUwJPLlmEtlCDXJ1OUzFT50uSRZ6IFsuFq2UVErCz4I6tq/K1SZFPTOtr/KBHBeksoGMGw==";
 
     private final int blobsPort = 10_000;
 
-    private AzuriteContainerLegacyProxy proxy;
-
-    private final boolean doProxy;
-
-    /** Whether to print request/response debug information when in {@link #legacy} mode */
-    private boolean debugRequests;
-
     /** flag for {@link #disabledWithoutDocker()} */
     private boolean disabledWithoutDocker;
 
-    private AzuriteContainer(DockerImageName imageName, boolean doProxy) {
+    private AzuriteContainer(DockerImageName imageName) {
         super(imageName);
-        this.doProxy = doProxy;
         super.setWaitStrategy(Wait.forListeningPort());
         super.addExposedPort(blobsPort);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * @return a container running {@code arafato/azurite:2.6.5} and {@link #getBlobsPort() proxied}
-     *     to fix protocol discrepancies so it works correctly with older {@code
-     *     com.microsoft.azure:azure-storage-blob} dependencies
-     */
-    public static AzuriteContainer legacy() {
-        return new AzuriteContainer(LEGACY_IMAGE, true);
-    }
-
     /** @return a container running {@code mcr.microsoft.com/azure-storage/azurite:latest} */
     public static AzuriteContainer latest() {
-        return new AzuriteContainer(LATEST_IMAGE, false);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Enables request/response debugging when in legacy mode
-     *
-     * <p>Sample output:
-     *
-     * <pre>
-     * <code>
-     * routing GET http://localhost:44445/devstoreaccount1/testputgetblobisnotbytearrayresource/topp%3Aworld%2FEPSG%3A4326%2Fpng%2Fdefault%2F12%2F20%2F30.png to GET http://localhost:33319/devstoreaccount1/testputgetblobisnotbytearrayresource/topp%3Aworld%2FEPSG%3A4326%2Fpng%2Fdefault%2F12%2F20%2F30.png
-     * 	applied request header Authorization: SharedKey devstoreaccount1:6UeSk1Qf8XRibLI1sE3tasmDxOtVxGUSMDQqRUDIW9Y=
-     * 	applied request header x-ms-version: 2018-11-09
-     * 	applied request header x-ms-date: Fri, 09 Aug 2024 17:08:38 GMT
-     * 	applied request header host: localhost
-     * 	applied request header x-ms-client-request-id: 526b726a-13af-49a3-b277-fdf645d77903
-     * 	applied request header User-Agent: Azure-Storage/11.0.0 (JavaJRE 11.0.23; Linux 6.8.0-39-generic)
-     * 	response: 200 OK
-     * 	applied response header X-Powered-By: Express
-     * 	applied response header ETag: "jzUOHaHcch36ue3TFspQaLiWSvo"
-     * 	applied response header Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Aug 2024 17:08:38 GMT
-     * 	applied response header x-ms-version: 2016-05-31
-     * 	applied response header date: Fri, 09 Aug 2024 17:08:38 GMT
-     * 	applied response header x-ms-request-id: 05130dd1-5672-11ef-a96b-c7f08f042b95
-     * 	applied response header accept-ranges: bytes
-     * 	applied response header x-ms-blob-type: BlockBlob
-     * 	applied response header x-ms-request-server-encrypted: false
-     * 	applied response header Content-Type: image/png
-     * 	Content-Type: image/png
-     * </code>
-     * </pre>
-     */
-    public AzuriteContainer debugLegacy() {
-        this.debugRequests = true;
-        return this;
+        return new AzuriteContainer(LATEST_IMAGE);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -189,32 +126,6 @@ public Statement apply(Statement base, Description description) {
         return super.apply(base, description);
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public void start() {
-        super.start();
-        if (doProxy && proxy == null) {
-            int targetPort = getRealBlobsPort();
-            proxy = new AzuriteContainerLegacyProxy(targetPort).debugRequests(debugRequests);
-            try {
-                proxy.start();
-            } catch (IOException e) {
-                throw new UncheckedException(e);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void stop() {
-        super.stop();
-        if (doProxy && null != proxy) {
-            try {
-                proxy.stop();
-            } finally {
-                proxy = null;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
     public String getAccountName() {
         return accountName;
     }
@@ -234,14 +145,6 @@ public String getAccountKey() {
      * carries over.
      */
     public int getBlobsPort() {
-        if (doProxy) {
-            if (proxy == null) throw new IllegalStateException("");
-            return proxy.getLocalPort();
-        }
-        return getRealBlobsPort();
-    }
-
-    int getRealBlobsPort() {
         return super.getMappedPort(blobsPort);
     }
 
diff --git a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/testcontainers/azure/AzuriteContainerLegacyProxy.java b/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/testcontainers/azure/AzuriteContainerLegacyProxy.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 6874f31a1..000000000
--- a/geowebcache/azureblob/src/test/java/org/geowebcache/testcontainers/azure/AzuriteContainerLegacyProxy.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,331 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3
- * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * <p>This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
- * without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * <p>You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with this
- * program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- *
- * <p>Copyright 2024
- */
-package org.geowebcache.testcontainers.azure;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
-import java.net.ServerSocket;
-import java.util.Optional;
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
-import java.util.function.Function;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-import java.util.stream.Stream;
-import org.apache.http.Header;
-import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
-import org.apache.http.HttpException;
-import org.apache.http.HttpRequest;
-import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
-import org.apache.http.RequestLine;
-import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
-import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
-import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
-import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
-import org.apache.http.entity.BasicHttpEntity;
-import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;
-import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
-import org.apache.http.impl.DefaultBHttpServerConnectionFactory;
-import org.apache.http.impl.bootstrap.HttpServer;
-import org.apache.http.impl.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
-import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
-import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy;
-import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
-import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
-import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
-import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpProcessor;
-import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpProcessorBuilder;
-import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpRequestHandler;
-import org.apache.http.protocol.ResponseConnControl;
-import org.apache.http.protocol.ResponseContent;
-import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
-import org.geotools.util.logging.Logging;
-
-/**
- * A simple HTTP proxy to adapt some Azure Blob storage protocol issues to the netty version used by
- * older {@code com.microsoft.azure:azure-storage-blob} dependencies.
- *
- * <p>For instance, re-writes the returned response headers {@code etag}, {@code last-modified}, and
- * {@code content-type}, as {@code Etag}, {@code Last-Modified}, and {@code Content-Type},
- * respectively, as expected by the Netty version the legacy {@code
- * com.microsoft.azure:azure-storage-blob} dependency transitively carries over.
- *
- * <p>Even though HTTP request and response headers should be case-insensitive, this older netty
- * version ({@code 4.1.28}, and even newer ones) fail to parse the lower-case names returned by
- * Azurite.
- */
-class AzuriteContainerLegacyProxy {
-    public static Logger LOGGER = Logging.getLogger(AzuriteContainerLegacyProxy.class.getName());
-
-    private int localPort;
-    private HttpServer proxyServer;
-
-    private int targetPort;
-
-    private final AtomicBoolean started = new AtomicBoolean();
-
-    private boolean debug;
-
-    AzuriteContainerLegacyProxy(int targetPort) {
-        this.targetPort = targetPort;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @return the random port where the proxy server is running
-     * @throws IllegalStateException if the proxy is not {@link #start() running}
-     */
-    public int getLocalPort() {
-        if (!started.get()) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(
-                    "Proxy not running, local port is allocated at start()");
-        }
-        return localPort;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether to print request/response debugging information to stderr.
-     *
-     * <p>Sample output:
-     *
-     * <pre>
-     * <code>
-     * routing GET http://localhost:44445/devstoreaccount1/testputgetblobisnotbytearrayresource/topp%3Aworld%2FEPSG%3A4326%2Fpng%2Fdefault%2F12%2F20%2F30.png to GET http://localhost:33319/devstoreaccount1/testputgetblobisnotbytearrayresource/topp%3Aworld%2FEPSG%3A4326%2Fpng%2Fdefault%2F12%2F20%2F30.png
-     * 	applied request header Authorization: SharedKey devstoreaccount1:6UeSk1Qf8XRibLI1sE3tasmDxOtVxGUSMDQqRUDIW9Y=
-     * 	applied request header x-ms-version: 2018-11-09
-     * 	applied request header x-ms-date: Fri, 09 Aug 2024 17:08:38 GMT
-     * 	applied request header host: localhost
-     * 	applied request header x-ms-client-request-id: 526b726a-13af-49a3-b277-fdf645d77903
-     * 	applied request header User-Agent: Azure-Storage/11.0.0 (JavaJRE 11.0.23; Linux 6.8.0-39-generic)
-     * 	response: 200 OK
-     * 	applied response header X-Powered-By: Express
-     * 	applied response header ETag: "jzUOHaHcch36ue3TFspQaLiWSvo"
-     * 	applied response header Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Aug 2024 17:08:38 GMT
-     * 	applied response header x-ms-version: 2016-05-31
-     * 	applied response header date: Fri, 09 Aug 2024 17:08:38 GMT
-     * 	applied response header x-ms-request-id: 05130dd1-5672-11ef-a96b-c7f08f042b95
-     * 	applied response header accept-ranges: bytes
-     * 	applied response header x-ms-blob-type: BlockBlob
-     * 	applied response header x-ms-request-server-encrypted: false
-     * 	applied response header Content-Type: image/png
-     * 	Content-Type: image/png
-     * </code>
-     * </pre>
-     */
-    public AzuriteContainerLegacyProxy debugRequests(boolean debug) {
-        this.debug = debug;
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    /** Allocates a free port and runs the proxy server on it. This method is idempotent. */
-    public void start() throws IOException {
-        if (started.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
-            this.localPort = findFreePort();
-
-            // this is the request handler that performs the proxying and fixes the response headers
-            HttpRequestHandler proxyHandler = new ProxyHandler(localPort, targetPort, debug);
-
-            HttpProcessor httpproc =
-                    HttpProcessorBuilder.create()
-                            // handles Transfer-Encoding and Content-Length
-                            .add(new ResponseContent(true))
-                            // handles connection keep-alive
-                            .add(new ResponseConnControl())
-                            .build();
-
-            proxyServer =
-                    ServerBootstrap.bootstrap()
-                            .setConnectionFactory(DefaultBHttpServerConnectionFactory.INSTANCE)
-                            .setHttpProcessor(httpproc)
-                            .setListenerPort(localPort)
-                            .registerHandler("*", proxyHandler)
-                            .create();
-            proxyServer.start();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /** Stops the proxy server. This method is idempotent. */
-    public void stop() {
-        if (started.compareAndSet(true, false)) {
-            proxyServer.stop();
-        }
-    }
-
-    private int findFreePort() {
-        try (ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(0)) {
-            return s.getLocalPort();
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static class ProxyHandler implements HttpRequestHandler {
-        private final int sourcePort;
-        private final int targetPort;
-        private boolean debug;
-
-        final CloseableHttpClient client;
-        Function<String, String> responseHeaderNameTransform = Function.identity();
-
-        ProxyHandler(int sourcePort, int targetPort, boolean debug) {
-            this.sourcePort = sourcePort;
-            this.targetPort = targetPort;
-            this.debug = debug;
-
-            @SuppressWarnings("PMD.CloseResource")
-            PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager =
-                    new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
-            client =
-                    HttpClients.custom()
-                            .setConnectionManager(connManager)
-                            .setKeepAliveStrategy(new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy())
-                            .build();
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void handle(HttpRequest request, HttpResponse response, HttpContext context)
-                throws HttpException, IOException {
-            HttpUriRequest proxyRequest = proxify(request);
-            logRequest(request, proxyRequest);
-
-            try (CloseableHttpResponse proxyResponse = client.execute(proxyRequest)) {
-                response.setStatusLine(proxyResponse.getStatusLine()); // status and reason phrase
-                logResponseStatus(response);
-
-                Header[] headers = proxyResponse.getAllHeaders();
-                applyResponseHeaders(response, headers);
-                transferResponseEntity(response, proxyResponse);
-            }
-        }
-
-        private void transferResponseEntity(HttpResponse localResponse, HttpResponse remoteResponse)
-                throws IOException {
-            final HttpEntity remoteResponseEntity = remoteResponse.getEntity();
-            HttpEntity entity;
-            if (null == remoteResponseEntity) {
-                entity = emptyBodyEntity(remoteResponse);
-            } else {
-                entity = extractResponseBody(remoteResponseEntity);
-            }
-            EntityUtils.updateEntity(localResponse, entity);
-        }
-
-        private HttpEntity extractResponseBody(final HttpEntity remoteResponseEntity)
-                throws IOException {
-            ContentType contentType = ContentType.get(remoteResponseEntity);
-            byte[] rawContent = EntityUtils.toByteArray(remoteResponseEntity);
-            logResponseBody(contentType, rawContent);
-            return new ByteArrayEntity(rawContent, 0, rawContent.length, contentType);
-        }
-
-        private HttpEntity emptyBodyEntity(HttpResponse remoteResponse) {
-            BasicHttpEntity entity = new BasicHttpEntity();
-            Optional.ofNullable(remoteResponse.getFirstHeader("Content-Length"))
-                    .map(Header::getValue)
-                    .map(Long::parseLong)
-                    .ifPresent(cl -> entity.setContentLength(cl));
-            Header contentType = remoteResponse.getFirstHeader("Content-Type");
-            entity.setContentType(contentType);
-            return entity;
-        }
-
-        private void logResponseStatus(HttpResponse response) {
-            StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
-            info("\tresponse: %d %s", statusLine.getStatusCode(), statusLine.getReasonPhrase());
-        }
-
-        private void logResponseBody(ContentType contentType, byte[] rawContent) {
-            if (null != contentType) {
-                info("\tContent-Type: %s", contentType);
-                if (contentType.getMimeType().startsWith("application/xml")
-                        || contentType.getMimeType().contains("json")) {
-                    info("\tcontent:\t%s", new String(rawContent));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        private void logRequest(HttpRequest request, HttpUriRequest proxyRequest) {
-            info(
-                    "routing %s %s to %s %s",
-                    request.getRequestLine().getMethod(),
-                    request.getRequestLine().getUri(),
-                    proxyRequest.getRequestLine().getMethod(),
-                    proxyRequest.getRequestLine().getUri());
-
-            Stream.of(proxyRequest.getAllHeaders())
-                    .forEach(
-                            header ->
-                                    info(
-                                            "\tapplied request header %s: %s",
-                                            header.getName(), header.getValue()));
-        }
-
-        private void applyResponseHeaders(HttpResponse response, Header[] headers) {
-            if (null == headers || headers.length == 0) return;
-
-            Stream.of(headers)
-                    .forEach(
-                            header -> {
-                                String name = header.getName();
-                                String value = header.getValue();
-                                name = responseHeaderNameTransform.apply(name);
-                                if ("Connection".equalsIgnoreCase(name)
-                                        || "Transfer-Encoding".equalsIgnoreCase(name)
-                                        || "Content-Length".equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
-                                    // these will produce a 'Connection reset by peer', let the
-                                    // proxy handle them
-                                    return;
-                                }
-                                // Fix the problematic response header names
-                                if ("etag".equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
-                                    name = "ETag";
-                                } else if ("last-modified".equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
-                                    name = "Last-Modified";
-                                } else if ("content-type".equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
-                                    name = "Content-Type";
-                                }
-                                response.addHeader(name, value);
-                                info("\tapplied response header %s: %s", name, value);
-                            });
-        }
-
-        private HttpUriRequest proxify(HttpRequest request) {
-
-            RequestLine requestLine = request.getRequestLine();
-
-            String uri =
-                    requestLine
-                            .getUri()
-                            .replace(
-                                    "http://localhost:" + sourcePort,
-                                    "http://localhost:" + targetPort);
-
-            HttpUriRequest proxyRequest =
-                    RequestBuilder.copy(request)
-                            .setUri(uri)
-                            // these will produce a 'Connection reset by peer', let the
-                            // proxy handle them
-                            .removeHeaders("Connection")
-                            .removeHeaders("Transfer-Encoding")
-                            .removeHeaders("Content-Length")
-                            .build();
-            return proxyRequest;
-        }
-
-        @SuppressWarnings("PMD.SystemPrintln")
-        private void info(String msg, Object... params) {
-            if (debug) {
-                System.err.printf(msg + "%n", params);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}