Dev Containers do support running Power Platform CLI, but only after installing Power Platform Tools extension. This requires installation of VSCode. This solution is purely for running pac inside a container from terminal.
Below is an example of the command you need to run, if you want to spin up a new container and run Power Platform CLI.
docker run -v ./share:/root/.local/share -it ghcr.io/rajyraman/power-platform-cli-container:latest
podman machine start
podman run -v ./share:/root/.local/share -it ghcr.io/rajyraman/power-platform-cli-container:latest