DOMPurify is a DOM-only, super-fast, uber-tolerant XSS sanitizer for HTML, MathML and SVG.
It's also very simple to use and get started with. DOMPurify was started in February 2014 and, meanwhile, has reached version 2.3.6.
DOMPurify is written in JavaScript and works in all modern browsers (Safari (10+), Opera (15+), Internet Explorer (10+), Edge, Firefox and Chrome - as well as almost anything else using Blink or WebKit). It doesn't break on MSIE6 or other legacy browsers. It either uses a fall-back or simply does nothing.
Our automated tests cover 19 different browsers right now, more to come. We also cover Node.js v14.15.1, v15.4.0, v16.13.0, v17.0.0, running DOMPurify on jsdom. Older Node.js versions are known to work as well.
DOMPurify is written by security people who have vast background in web attacks and XSS. Fear not. For more details please also read about our Security Goals & Threat Model. Please, read it. Like, really.
DOMPurify sanitizes HTML and prevents XSS attacks. You can feed DOMPurify with string full of dirty HTML and it will return a string (unless configured otherwise) with clean HTML. DOMPurify will strip out everything that contains dangerous HTML and thereby prevent XSS attacks and other nastiness. It's also damn bloody fast. We use the technologies the browser provides and turn them into an XSS filter. The faster your browser, the faster DOMPurify will be.
It's easy. Just include DOMPurify on your website.
<script type="text/javascript" src="src/purify.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="dist/purify.min.js"></script>Afterwards you can sanitize strings by executing the following code:
let clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty);The resulting HTML can be written into a DOM element using innerHTML or the DOM using document.write(). That is fully up to you.
Note that by default, we permit HTML, SVG and MathML. If you only need HTML, which might be a very common use-case, you can easily set that up as well:
let clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, { USE_PROFILES: { html: true } });Well, please note, if you first sanitize HTML and then modify it afterwards, you might easily void the effects of sanitization. If you feed the sanitized markup to another library after sanitization, please be certain that the library doesn't mess around with the HTML on its own.
After sanitizing your markup, you can also have a look at the property DOMPurify.removed and find out, what elements and attributes were thrown out. Please do not use this property for making any security critical decisions. This is just a little helper for curious minds.
If you're using an AMD module loader like Require.js, you can load this script asynchronously as well:
import DOMPurify from 'dompurify';
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty);DOMPurify also works server-side with Node.js as well as client-side via Browserify or similar translators. At least Node.js 4.x or newer is required. Our support strives to follow the Node.js release cycle. DOMPurify intends to support any version being flagged as active. At the same time we phase out support for any version flagged as maintenance. DOMPurify might not break with all versions in maintenance immediately but stops to run tests against these older versions.
npm install dompurifyFor JSDOM v10 or newer
const createDOMPurify = require('dompurify');
const { JSDOM } = require('jsdom');
const window = new JSDOM('').window;
const DOMPurify = createDOMPurify(window);
const clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty);For JSDOM versions older than v10
const createDOMPurify = require('dompurify');
const jsdom = require('jsdom').jsdom;
const window = jsdom('').defaultView;
const DOMPurify = createDOMPurify(window);
const clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty);Of course there is a demo! Play with DOMPurify
First of all, please immediately contact us via email so we can work on a fix. PGP key
Also, you probably qualify for a bug bounty! The fine folks over at Fastmail use DOMPurify for their services and added our library to their bug bounty scope. So, if you find a way to bypass or weaken DOMPurify, please also have a look at their website and the bug bounty info.
How does purified markup look like? Well, the demo shows it for a big bunch of nasty elements. But let's also show some smaller examples!
DOMPurify.sanitize('<img src=x onerror=alert(1)//>'); // becomes <img src="x">
DOMPurify.sanitize('<svg><g/onload=alert(2)//<p>'); // becomes <svg><g></g></svg>
DOMPurify.sanitize('<p>abc<iframe//src=jAva	script:alert(3)>def</p>'); // becomes <p>abc</p>
DOMPurify.sanitize('<math><mi//xlink:href="data:x,<script>alert(4)</script>">'); // becomes <math><mi></mi></math>
DOMPurify.sanitize('<TABLE><tr><td>HELLO</tr></TABL>'); // becomes <table><tbody><tr><td>HELLO</td></tr></tbody></table>
DOMPurify.sanitize('<UL><li><A HREF=//google.com>click</UL>'); // becomes <ul><li><a href="//google.com">click</a></li></ul>DOMPurify currently supports HTML5, SVG and MathML. DOMPurify per default allows CSS, HTML custom data attributes. DOMPurify also supports the Shadow DOM - and sanitizes DOM templates recursively. DOMPurify also allows you to sanitize HTML for being used with the jQuery $() and elm.html() API without any known problems.
DOMPurify offers a fall-back behavior for older MSIE browsers. It uses the MSIE-only toStaticHTML feature to sanitize. Note however that in this fall-back mode, pretty much none of the configuration flags shown below have any effect. You need to handle that yourself.
If not even toStaticHTML is supported, DOMPurify does nothing at all. It simply returns exactly the string that you fed it.
DOMPurify also exposes a property called isSupported, which tells you whether DOMPurify will be able to do its job.
In version 1.0.9, support for Trusted Types API was added to DOMPurify. In version 2.0.0, a config flag was added to control DOMPurify's behavior regarding this.
When DOMPurify.sanitize is used in an environment where the Trusted Types API is available and RETURN_TRUSTED_TYPE is set to true, it tries to return a TrustedHTML value instead of a string (the behavior for RETURN_DOM and RETURN_DOM_FRAGMENT config options does not change).
Yes. The included default configuration values are pretty good already - but you can of course override them. Check out the /demos folder to see a bunch of examples on how you can customize DOMPurify.
/**
* General settings
*/
// strip {{ ... }} and <% ... %> to make output safe for template systems
// be careful please, this mode is not recommended for production usage.
// allowing template parsing in user-controlled HTML is not advised at all.
// only use this mode if there is really no alternative.
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {SAFE_FOR_TEMPLATES: true});
/**
* Control our allow-lists and block-lists
*/
// allow only <b> elements, very strict
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ALLOWED_TAGS: ['b']});
// allow only <b> and <q> with style attributes
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ALLOWED_TAGS: ['b', 'q'], ALLOWED_ATTR: ['style']});
// allow all safe HTML elements but neither SVG nor MathML
// note that the USE_PROFILES setting will override the ALLOWED_TAGS setting
// so don't use them together
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {USE_PROFILES: {html: true}});
// allow all safe SVG elements and SVG Filters, no HTML or MathML
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {USE_PROFILES: {svg: true, svgFilters: true}});
// allow all safe MathML elements and SVG, but no SVG Filters
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {USE_PROFILES: {mathMl: true, svg: true}});
// change the default namespace from HTML to something different
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {NAMESPACE: 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'});
// leave all safe HTML as it is and add <style> elements to block-list
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {FORBID_TAGS: ['style']});
// leave all safe HTML as it is and add style attributes to block-list
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {FORBID_ATTR: ['style']});
// extend the existing array of allowed tags and add <my-tag> to allow-list
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ADD_TAGS: ['my-tag']});
// extend the existing array of allowed attributes and add my-attr to allow-list
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ADD_ATTR: ['my-attr']});
// prohibit ARIA attributes, leave other safe HTML as is (default is true)
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ALLOW_ARIA_ATTR: false});
// prohibit HTML5 data attributes, leave other safe HTML as is (default is true)
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ALLOW_DATA_ATTR: false});
/**
* Control behavior relating to Custom Elements
*/
// DOMPurify allows to define rules for Custom Elements. When using the CUSTOM_ELEMENT_HANDLING
// literal, it is possible to define exactly what elements you wish to allow (by default, none are allowed).
//
// The same goes for their attributes. By default, the built-in or configured allow.list is used.
//
// You can use a RegExp literal to specify what is allowed or a predicate, examples for both can be seen below.
// The default values are very restrictive to prevent accidental XSS bypasses. Handle with great care!
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(
'<foo-bar baz="foobar" forbidden="true"></foo-bar><div is="foo-baz"></div>',
{
CUSTOM_ELEMENT_HANDLING: {
tagNameCheck: null, // no custom elements are allowed
attributeNameCheck: null, // default / standard attribute allow-list is used
allowCustomizedBuiltInElements: false, // no customized built-ins allowed
},
}
); // <div is=""></div>
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(
'<foo-bar baz="foobar" forbidden="true"></foo-bar><div is="foo-baz"></div>',
{
CUSTOM_ELEMENT_HANDLING: {
tagNameCheck: /^foo-/, // allow all tags starting with "foo-"
attributeNameCheck: /baz/, // allow all attributes containing "baz"
allowCustomizedBuiltInElements: false, // customized built-ins are allowed
},
}
); // <foo-bar baz="foobar"></foo-bar><div is=""></div>
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(
'<foo-bar baz="foobar" forbidden="true"></foo-bar><div is="foo-baz"></div>',
{
CUSTOM_ELEMENT_HANDLING: {
tagNameCheck: (tagName) => tagName.match(/^foo-/), // allow all tags starting with "foo-"
attributeNameCheck: (attr) => attr.match(/baz/), // allow all containing "baz"
allowCustomizedBuiltInElements: true, // allow customized built-ins
},
}
); // <foo-bar baz="foobar"></foo-bar><div is="foo-baz"></div>
/**
* Control behavior relating to URI values
*/
// extend the existing array of elements that can use Data URIs
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ADD_DATA_URI_TAGS: ['a', 'area']});
// extend the existing array of elements that are safe for URI-like values (be careful, XSS risk)
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ADD_URI_SAFE_ATTR: ['my-attr']});
/**
* Control permitted attribute values
*/
// allow external protocol handlers in URL attributes (default is false, be careful, XSS risk)
// by default only http, https, ftp, ftps, tel, mailto, callto, cid and xmpp are allowed.
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ALLOW_UNKNOWN_PROTOCOLS: true});
// allow specific protocols handlers in URL attributes via regex (default is false, be careful, XSS risk)
// by default only http, https, ftp, ftps, tel, mailto, callto, cid and xmpp are allowed.
// Default RegExp: /^(?:(?:(?:f|ht)tps?|mailto|tel|callto|cid|xmpp):|[^a-z]|[a-z+.\-]+(?:[^a-z+.\-:]|$))/i;
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {ALLOWED_URI_REGEXP: /^(?:(?:(?:f|ht)tps?|mailto|tel|callto|cid|xmpp|xxx):|[^a-z]|[a-z+.\-]+(?:[^a-z+.\-:]|$))/i;});
/**
* Influence the return-type
*/
// return a DOM HTMLBodyElement instead of an HTML string (default is false)
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {RETURN_DOM: true});
// return a DOM DocumentFragment instead of an HTML string (default is false)
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {RETURN_DOM_FRAGMENT: true});
// use the RETURN_TRUSTED_TYPE flag to turn on Trusted Types support if available
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {RETURN_TRUSTED_TYPE: true}); // will return a TrustedHTML object instead of a string if possible
/**
* Influence how we sanitize
*/
// return entire document including <html> tags (default is false)
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {WHOLE_DOCUMENT: true});
// disable DOM Clobbering protection on output (default is true, handle with care, minor XSS risks here)
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {SANITIZE_DOM: false});
// keep an element's content when the element is removed (default is true)
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {KEEP_CONTENT: false});
// glue elements like style, script or others to document.body and prevent unintuitive browser behavior in several edge-cases (default is false)
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {FORCE_BODY: true});
// change the parser type so sanitized data is treated as XML and not as HTML, which is the default
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {PARSER_MEDIA_TYPE: 'application/xhtml+xml'});
/**
* Influence where we sanitize
*/
// use the IN_PLACE mode to sanitize a node "in place", which is much faster depending on how you use DOMPurify
var dirty = document.createElement('a');
dirty.setAttribute('href', 'javascript:alert(1)');
var clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(dirty, {IN_PLACE: true}); // see https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify/issues/288 for more infoThere is even more examples here, showing how you can run, customize and configure DOMPurify to fit your needs.
Instead of repeatedly passing the same configuration to DOMPurify.sanitize, you can use the DOMPurify.setConfig method. Your configuration will persist until your next call to DOMPurify.setConfig, or until you invoke DOMPurify.clearConfig to reset it. Remember that there is only one active configuration, which means once it is set, all extra configuration parameters passed to DOMPurify.sanitize are ignored.
DOMPurify allows you to augment its functionality by attaching one or more functions with the DOMPurify.addHook method to one of the following hooks:
beforeSanitizeElementsuponSanitizeElement(No 's' - called for every element)afterSanitizeElementsbeforeSanitizeAttributesuponSanitizeAttributeafterSanitizeAttributesbeforeSanitizeShadowDOMuponSanitizeShadowNodeafterSanitizeShadowDOM
It passes the currently processed DOM node, when needed a literal with verified node and attribute data and the DOMPurify configuration to the callback. Check out the MentalJS hook demo to see how the API can be used nicely.
Example:
DOMPurify.addHook(
'beforeSanitizeElements',
function (currentNode, hookEvent, config) {
// Do something with the current node and return it
// You can also mutate hookEvent (i.e. set hookEvent.forceKeepAttr = true)
return currentNode;
}
);We are currently using Github Actions in combination with BrowserStack. This gives us the possibility to confirm for each and every commit that all is going according to plan in all supported browsers. Check out the build logs here: https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify/actions
You can further run local tests by executing npm test. The tests work fine with Node.js v0.6.2 and [email protected].
All relevant commits will be signed with the key 0x24BB6BF4 for additional security (since 8th of April 2016).
We support npm officially. GitHub Actions workflow is configured to install dependencies using npm. When using deprected version of npm we can not fully ensure the versions of installed dependencies which might lead to unanticipated problems.
We rely on npm run-scripts for integrating with our tooling infrastructure. We use ESLint as a pre-commit hook to ensure code consistency. Moreover, to ease formatting we use prettier while building the /dist assets happens through rollup.
These are our npm scripts:
npm run devto start building while watching sources for changesnpm run testto run our test suite via jsdom and karmatest:jsdomto only run tests through jsdomtest:karmato only run tests through karma
npm run lintto lint the sources using ESLint (via xo)npm run formatto format our sources using prettier to ease to pass ESLintnpm run buildto build our distribution assets minified and unminified as a UMD modulenpm run build:umdto only build an unminified UMD modulenpm run build:umd:minto only build a minified UMD module
Note: all run scripts triggered via npm run <script>.
There are more npm scripts but they are mainly to integrate with CI or are meant to be "private" for instance to amend build distribution files with every commit.
We maintain a mailing list that notifies whenever a security-critical release of DOMPurify was published. This means, if someone found a bypass and we fixed it with a release (which always happens when a bypass was found) a mail will go out to that list. This usually happens within minutes or few hours after learning about a bypass. The list can be subscribed to here:
https://lists.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/mailman/listinfo/dompurify-security
Feature releases will not be announced to this list.
Many people helped and help DOMPurify become what it is and need to be acknowledged here!
jarrodldavis 💸, GrantGryczan 💸, lowdefy 💸, granlem 💸, oreoshake 💸, dcramer 💸,tdeekens ❤️, peernohell ❤️, is2ei, franktopel, NateScarlet, neilj, fhemberger, Joris-van-der-Wel, ydaniv, terjanq, filedescriptor, ConradIrwin, gibson042, choumx, 0xSobky, styfle, koto, tlau88, strugee, oparoz, mathiasbynens, edg2s, dnkolegov, dhardtke, wirehead, thorn0, styu, mozfreddyb, mikesamuel, jorangreef, jimmyhchan, jameydeorio, jameskraus, hyderali, hansottowirtz, hackvertor, freddyb, flavorjones, djfarrelly, devd, camerondunford, buu700, buildog, alabiaga, Vector919, Robbert, GreLI, FuzzySockets, ArtemBernatskyy, @garethheyes, @shafigullin, @mmrupp, @irsdl,ShikariSenpai, ansjdnakjdnajkd, @asutherland, @mathias, @cgvwzq, @robbertatwork, @giutro, @CmdEngineer_, @avr4mit and especially @securitymb ❤️ & @masatokinugawa ❤️
And last but not least, thanks to BrowserStack Open-Source Program for supporting this project with their services for free and delivering excellent, dedicated and very professional support on top of that.